The Agan epithermal gold-silver deposit and prospects for the discovery of high-sulfidation mineralization in northeast Russia

Волков, А. В.; Savva, N. E.; Sidorov, A. A.; Kolova, E. E.; Chizhova, I. A.; Alekseev, V. Yu.

doi:10.1134/s1075701515010067

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…are typical of the Kairagach and Shelekhovskoe [67,68]. However, data from fluid inclusions in quartz associated with the main gold stage from Red Mountain, Mt Carlton, Lepanto, Agan, Danchenkovskoe and Belaya Gora [27,[69][70][71][72], including Maletoyvayam, indicate salinities of up to 4.5 wt.% NaCl eq. (Table 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Maletoyvayam deposit located in the Central Kamchatka Volcanic Belt (CKVB) is restricted to volcano-tectonic structures within the Vetrovayam volcanic zone situated in the northeastern part of the CKVB (southwestern part of the Koryak Highland) [24,25]. On the contrary to the above mentioned deposits, Maletoyvayam deposit belongs to the HS type category of epithermal deposits [26], which are also known in the Eastern part of Russia (Belaya Gora and Svetloye) [27]. The predominance of andesite and basaltic andesite rocks in the CKVB is a reflection of the mafic composition of its basement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gold Mineralization at the Maletoyvayam Deposit (Koryak Highland, Russia) and Physicochemical Conditions of Its Formation

et al. 2020

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Microthermometry study of fluid inclusions in quartz veins of the Maletoyvayam deposit (Koryak Highland, Russia) was carried out. This epithermal gold deposit contains unique Au compounds including maletoyvayamite, which has not been reported anywhere else. Two paragenetic mineral associations (pyrite-quartz and maletoyvayamite-quartz) with quartz of different generations corresponding to different pulses were also described. Only early generations of quartz (Q1) include ore minerals: pyrite for the first mineral assemblage, and in Au-bearing minerals, sulfosalts, bismuthinite, and others—for the second assemblage. A study on fluid inclusions in quartz showed a salinity (mainly NaCl + KCl) range from 0.2 to 4.3 wt.% NaCl eq., increasing from the first mineral association to the second due to boiling fluids. The obtained temperature variations for quartz crystallization were 295–135 °C, the fluid pressure ranged from 79 to 4 bar. On the other hand, the range of conditions obtained for the gold productive ore association is more narrow: salinity of the fluid inclusions is 4.3 wt.% NaCl eq., the temperatures vary from 255 °C to 245 °C, and the pressure from 39 to 32 bar. These physicochemical characteristics of the Maletoyvayam ore deposit greatly coincide with other HS-type epithermal deposits; however, within the Central Kamchatka Volcanic Belt it is so far the only deposit of this type reported.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Mineralization at the Maletoyvayam Deposit (Koryak Highland, Russia) and Physicochemical Conditions of Its Formation

et al. 2020

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“…The characteristic features of HS are: (1) the predominance of disseminated ore with subordinate veins in the gangue (residual quartz, alunite, baryte, anhydrite, kaolinite); (2) the ore minerals include pyrite, enargite, chalcopyrite, tennantite, covellite, gold and Au-tellurides; (3) the main metals are Au, Ag, Cu, As, Pb, Hg, Sb, Te, Sn, Mo and Bi (Arribas, 1995; White and Hedenquist, 1995; Hedenquist and Arribas, 2017). High-sulfidation epithermal deposits worldwide typically have Au grades in the range of average values 0.6–2.7 ppm according to Volkov et al , (2015) and 0.01–68.0 ppm according to Liu et al ., (2000). As a rule, these are multistage deposits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mode of gold occurrence changes during the evolution of ore-forming systems, as well as under the influence of superimposed processes (oxidation and secondary enrichment). In the East of Russia, only two deposits of HS type in the Khabarovsk region (White Mountain and Svetloe) have been reliably established, but they have not been extensively studied (Volkov et al , 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditions of formation of Au–Se–Te mineralization in the Gaching ore occurrence (Maletoyvayam ore field), Kamchatka, Russia

et al. 2018

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The Gaching high-sulfidation epithermal deposit in the Maletoyvayam ore field features a wide range of Se-containing minerals and selenides, as well as complex gold oxides, Au tellurides (calaverite, krennerite) and native gold typical for epithermal deposits. Pyrite included in quartzites and quartz-alunite rocks was probably formed during an early stage of the ore-forming process. During the following Au-rich stage, the $f_{{\rm S}{\rm e}_{\rm 2}}$/$f_{{\rm S}_{\rm 2}}$ increased with $f_{{\rm O}_{\rm 2}}$ being relatively high, resulting in the formation of very rare compounds that have not been previously described in nature. These include Au2Te4(Se,S)3, Se3Te2, AuSe and Au(Te,Se,S) phases. The Au2Te4(Se,S)3 compounds have some variations in composition: the complete isomorphic series between Au2Te4Se3 and Au2Te4S3 was observed. The gold and Au-minerals at the main ore stage can be stable within a range of log$f_{{\rm O}_{\rm 2}}$ of −27.3 and atmospheric oxygen (?); log$f_{{\rm S}{\rm e}_{\rm 2}}$ between −12.4 and −5.7; log$f_{{\rm T}{\rm e}_{\rm 2}}$ between −10.5 and −7.8; and log$f_{{\rm S}_{\rm 2}}$ between −12.8 and −6.8 (at 250°C). The increasing oxygen fugacity during the final stage of mineralization resulted in the formation of complex Sb,As,Te,S-bearing Au oxides. Gold-oxide formation occurs due to oxidation of Au-tellurides. The final products of this process are newly-formed secondary mustard gold and Te–Se solid solutions.

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“…[54]. However, data from fluid inclusions, in quartz, associated with the main gold stage in HS type deposits-Mt Carlton, Lepanto, Agan, Mt Carlton, NE Australia, Danchenkovskoe, and Maletoyvayam [15,[55][56][57][58]-similarly indicate salinities up to 4.5 wt. % NaCl eq.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Gold Mineralization of the Baranyevskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Deposit in Central Kamchatka

et al. 2021

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The Baranyevskoe Au-Ag epithermal deposit of low-sulfidation (LS) type is located on the Kamchatka Peninsula in the Neogene-Quaternary Central Kamchatka Volcanic Belt, where Au-bearing quartz veins are usually accompanied by veinlet stockworks. Two economic associations are typical of the Baranyevskoe deposit. The first corresponds to gold-pyrite-quartz association with low-grade native gold (521–738‱) intergrown with pyrite. Some accessory Au-Ag minerals within the early association were also identified: acanthite AgS2, hessite AgTe2, lenaite Ag(Fe,Cu)S2, petzite Ag3AuTe2, utenbogardite Ag3AuS2 and unnamed Ag-Sb-As sulfosalts. The former Au-Ag minerals were most likely formed in the temperature range of 320–330 °C based on the study of arsenopyrite thermometers and fluid inclusions. The second, a gold-sulfosalt-quartz association, includes high-grade native gold (883-941‱) in intergrowth with chalcopyrite. Cuprous phases (bornite, chalcocite, heerite, native copper, Cu-Zn solid solutions), Bi-rich sulfosalts (aikinite PbCuBiS3, emplectite CuBiS2, witticenite Cu3BiS3), stannoidite Cu8Fe3Sn2S12, mawsonite Cu6Fe2SnS8), Au-bearing galena, Te-free and Bi-rich tetrahedrite-tennantite represent this association. Fluid inclusions in gold-sulfosalt-quartz association are characterized by homogenization temperature ranging from 226 to 298 °C, and salinity from 0.4 to 1.2 wt. % NaCl eq.

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The Agan epithermal gold-silver deposit and prospects for the discovery of high-sulfidation mineralization in northeast Russia

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Gold Mineralization at the Maletoyvayam Deposit (Koryak Highland, Russia) and Physicochemical Conditions of Its Formation

Gold Mineralization at the Maletoyvayam Deposit (Koryak Highland, Russia) and Physicochemical Conditions of Its Formation

Conditions of formation of Au–Se–Te mineralization in the Gaching ore occurrence (Maletoyvayam ore field), Kamchatka, Russia

The Gold Mineralization of the Baranyevskoe Au-Ag Epithermal Deposit in Central Kamchatka

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