The Age at Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children in Japan

Kurasawa, Shigeki; Tateyama, Kiyomi; Iwanaga, Ryuichiro; Ohtoshi, Taro; Nakatani, Ken; Yokoi, Katsushi

doi:10.15563/jalliedhealthsci.10.34

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…One hundred and fourteen (31.1%) participants were diagnosed by the age of 36 months, which is consistent with other studies ( 12 , 13 ). Patient and socio-demographic factors were analysed to explore associations with delayed diagnosis (age > 36 months), as shown in Table 4 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This study is the first to explore parental first concerns in Southeast Asia. The present results largely replicate previous studies done in other parts of the world ( 1 , 5 , 8 , 10 , 13 ). Speech/language/communication concerns were the most frequent first concerns, as was the case for two studies in the USA ( 8 , 10 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This is slightly lower than what was found in the CDC study ( 1 ) (52 months). The mean AOD was 50.6 months (SD = 23.9), which was younger than studies in Nepal ( 12 ) (58 months), USA ( 5 ) (56.4 months) and Japan ( 13 ) (86.4 months), but older than the studies in China ( 11 ) (48 months). The youngest AOD was 12 months.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

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First Parental Concerns and Age at Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Retrospective Review from Malaysia

Jayanath

Ozonoff

2020

MJMS

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Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. This is the first study to examine first parental concerns in ASD in Malaysia. We examined: i) age and type of first parental concerns (AOC); ii) association between AOC and severity; iii) time lag between AOC and diagnosis; and iv) factors associated with diagnostic delay. Methods: Medical records of 366 patients (aged 1–18 years) with ASD, at the Developmental Paediatrics Clinic of University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, were reviewed for this 16-month retrospective cohort study. A validated coding system was used for initial parent concerns. Severity was classified via the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th edition (DSM-5) criteria. Time lag between AOC and age at diagnosis (AOD) was calculated. Potential predictors of delayed diagnosis were extracted. Results: Three-quarters (75.1%) of parents had concerns by 36 months. Speech/language/ communication concerns were most frequent (60.1%). Number of first concerns was significantly correlated with severity (social communication/interaction, SCI [P = 0.019] and restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviours and/or interests/activities, RRB [P < 0.001]). AOC and AOD were significantly negatively correlated with SCI and RRB (P < 0.001). Medians; AOC: 24 months, AOD: 46 months and time lag: 17 months. Higher initial screen time was associated with diagnostic delay (P = 0.031). Conclusion: First parental concerns and AOD were comparable to studies across countries. Speech/communication delays may represent universal first parental recognition of ASD.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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First Parental Concerns and Age at Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Retrospective Review from Malaysia

Jayanath

Ozonoff

2020

MJMS

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“…We did not have prior assessments of high-risk infants or cohorts. In terms of epidemiology [2], approximately 1% of participants were likely to receive a future diagnosis of ASD. Therefore, the data in this study did not accurately represent infants with TD.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective Observational Study of an Eye-measuring Device Aiming at Application to Periodic Health Checkups for Under 12 Months of age Infants; The Feasibility of Gazefinder

Fukushima¹,

Takahashi²,

Tsukamoto³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Eye-tracking to evaluate gaze patterns is effective screening and assessment tool for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Gazefinder, one of eye-tracking devices is can be easily and quickly used. Few studies have investigated whether Gazefinder can be applied to infants under 12 months of age, and then we examined the feasibility of this device in this age group aiming at applications to periodic health checkups for early identification of ASD in the future. Methods We conducted a prospective observational study from April 2019 to March 2020 that included infants between 4 and 11 months of age who underwent a periodic health checkup in Ohchi County, Shimane, Japan. Data on participants’ sex, age, gestational age, birth weight, and Japanese Developmental Quotient (DQ; the Enjoji Scale) were collected. We presented nine patterns of short movies, and measuring the gaze data, fixation time percentages, and patterns. Results Infants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited, and 93 gaze datapoints were analyzed. The mean age was 6.5 months and mean DQ was 88%. Subjects were divided into four groups by age: 4-5, 6-7, 8-9, and 10-11 months. The mean fixation time percentage of all sequences was 81.0% (standard deviation; 4.4), and there was no significant difference in each group. Infants in all groups showed a significantly higher predilection for eyes than for mouths. There was a positive association of age with human gaze and a negative association with geometric gaze. Moreover, we confirmed that joint attention skills were enhanced in accordance with their growth process. Conclusions The eye-tracking data were almost corresponding to previous studies and Gazefinder could be applied to infants starting at 4 months of age. For ASD screening in early infancy, more researches are needed.

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“…A critical factor for early intervention is to recognize symptoms of mental disorders [2,8]. However, despite a standardized diagnostic criterion the age of being diagnosed with ASD is high; the average age of being diagnosed with ASD in U.S, and Japan was 3.1 and 7.2, respectively [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health Literacy of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Korea: Recognition, Etiology, Treatment

Rim¹,

Park²,

Lee³

et al. 2019

Psychiatry Investig

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Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the Korean public’s recognition of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), revealing underlying factors regarding perception relative to etiology and treatment of ASD, and examining variables related to those factors. Methods An online survey was held to investigate mental health literacy (MHL) on ASD of the general public in Korea. A total of 673 adults participated and completed questionnaires on socio-demographic characteristics and if they know someone with ASD. Next, participants were provided with a vignette describing a child with ASD. Only those that recognized there was a problem with the child moved to the next part which asked their perception regarding etiology and treatment of ASD. Results According to our study, approximately 25% of participants correctly recognized the child in the vignette as having ASD. Perception regarding etiology and treatment of ASD varied among socio-demographic characteristics. Participants acquainted with someone with ASD and correctly recognized ASD held mixed perception regarding cause and treatment. Conclusion This study investigated MHL of ASD in Korea. The result reveals there is much room for improvement relative to raising awareness on MHL of ASD. Intervention considering socio-demographic characteristics and acquaintance with ASD are needed.

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The Age at Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children in Japan

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

First Parental Concerns and Age at Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Retrospective Review from Malaysia

First Parental Concerns and Age at Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Retrospective Review from Malaysia

Prospective Observational Study of an Eye-measuring Device Aiming at Application to Periodic Health Checkups for Under 12 Months of age Infants; The Feasibility of Gazefinder

Mental Health Literacy of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Korea: Recognition, Etiology, Treatment

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