The age of the Miocene-Pliocene boundary

Zijderveld, J.D.A.; Zachariasse, J.; Verhallen, P.J.J.M.; Hilgen, F.J.

doi:10.1127/nos/16/1986/169

Cited by 86 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…The LT component may reside in an iron-sulphide (pyrrhotite, greigite), whereas the HT component most likely resides in magnetite, which may be slightly cation-deficient considering that blocking temperatures are often higher than 578°C [28,29]. This NRM composition is identical to that of the early Pliocene Trubi of the lower Singa section [2,28]. A primary origin of the characteristic components has been inferred earlier [2]; a most compelling argument is the positive correlation to the geomagnetic polarity time scale (GPTS) of the polarity pattern based on these characteristic remanences in the lower Singa section.…”

Section: Upper Singa Sectionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…This NRM composition is identical to that of the early Pliocene Trubi of the lower Singa section [2,28]. A primary origin of the characteristic components has been inferred earlier [2]; a most compelling argument is the positive correlation to the geomagnetic polarity time scale (GPTS) of the polarity pattern based on these characteristic remanences in the lower Singa section.…”

Section: Upper Singa Sectionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…In the middle of the Pliocene, however, a substantial part is missing: a hiatus of approximately 1 Ma corresponds to the interval of the uppermost part of the Gilbert Chron and a major part of the Gauss Chron [2,7]. The sequence below the hiatus (lower Singa) includes the M/P boundary and has been the subject of a study by Zijderveld et al [2].…”

Section: Monte Singa Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Good paleomagnetic control has long been lacking, however, and only recently have an increasing number of magnetostratigraphic studies been published on Pliocene land sections in the Mediterranean. The Miocene-Pliocene (M/P) boundary has been studied by various authors [2][3][4] and now has an age, according to the conventional radiometric time scale, of 4.86 Ma, slightly below the Thvera subchron. The early Pliocene and early late Pliocene have been the subject of detailed magnetostratigraphic and biostratigraphic research by Langereis and Hilgen [5] and Zachariasse et al [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the upper Pliocene-lower Pleistocene from the Monte Singa and Crotone areas in Calabria, Italy

Zijderveld¹,

Hilgen²,

Langereis³

et al. 1991

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

118

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The results of a detailed magnetostratigraphic and biostratigraphic study of late Pliocene to early Pleistocene marine marl sequences from the Monte Singa and Crotone areas in Calabria, Italy are presented.The magnetostratigraphy from the Monte Singa sequence ranges from below the Gauss/Matuyama boundary up to and including the lower Olduvai boundary. Normal polarities at a level corresponding to isotope stage 81 most probably represent the R~union subchron. From the lower Olduvai boundary upward, a reliable magnetostratigraphy could not be established due to increased weathering of the marls, resulting in mainly secondary magnetizations.The magnetostratigraphy from the composite sequence of the Crotone area belongs to a large part of the Matuyama Chron and includes the Olduvai subchron. The position of the lower and upper boundaries of the Olduvai subzone could be established more precisely than from earlier results. Moreover, the upper boundary of the Olduvai subzone poses an ambiguity: a relatively long normal polarity interval representing the main Olduvai subchron and corresponding to a duration of 115 ka is followed by a short (30 ka) reversed subchron and the short (15 ka) normal Vrica subchron. Another option, and more in accordance with the duration of the Olduvai subchron in literature, would be to consider the complete N-R-N polarity succession with a total duration of 160 ka as representing the Olduvai subchron, implying that this Olduvai subchron has a short reversed interval in its upper part.Linear interpolation and extrapolation yield ages for the most important late Pliocene-early Pleistocene biostratigraphic datum levels. An age of 1.69 Ma is found for the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary, using the conventional polarity time scale dated with radiometric results. However Hilgen [1], in correlating the sapropel groups and patterns to the precession curve of the Earth's orbit, obtained significantly different ages for the polarity transitions of the present study. According to this astronomically calibrated polarity time scale, the age of the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary is 1.81 Ma.

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Section: Upper Singa Sectionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Upper Singa Sectionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Monte Singa Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the upper Pliocene-lower Pleistocene from the Monte Singa and Crotone areas in Calabria, Italy

Zijderveld¹,

Hilgen²,

Langereis³

et al. 1991

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

118

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“…This distinct lithohorizon reflects the re-establishment of open-marine conditions in the Mediterranean following the Messinian salinity crisis at the beginning of the Pliocene [6]. Accurate, first-order age estimates for this horizon have been obtained from several sections other than Capo Rossello and range from 4.81 to 4.93 Ma [7][8][9]. All these ages are based on the straightforward calibration of magnetostratigraphic records to the geomagnetic polarity time scale (GPTS) of Berggren et al ( [1], BKFV85) in combination with a downward extrapolation of the sediment accumulation rate and/or the average duration of sedimentary cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical re-evaluation of the Miocene/Pliocene boundary as defined in the Mediterranean

Hilgen

Langereis²

1993

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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A critical re-evaluation of the Miocene/Pliocene (M/P) boundary as defined--informally--in the Mediterranean is presented. We show that ages reported earlier for this boundary (ranging from 4.81 to 4.93 Ma) do not imply any diachroneity of the basal Zanclean lithohorizon which reflects the Pliocene flooding of the Mediterranean and defines the M/P boundary. These ages most likely represent an artefact resulting from intraformational variations in sedimentation rate and inconsistent interpretation of coluor variations in terms of sedimentary cycles. The best estimate for the age of this boundary arrives at 4. Because of its presumably global paleoclimatological significance, the M/P boundary as currently defined in the Mediterranean is preferred to a redefinition of this boundary at the Gilbert/Chron 5 boundary in a continuous open-marine sequence outside the Mediterranean. In addition, this redefinition would lead to unnecessary confusion in global chronostratigraphy.

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