The age of the Springdale Group, western Newfoundland, and correlative rocks—evidence for a Llandovery overlap assemblage in the Canadian Appalachians

Chandler, F W; Sullivan, Robert W.; Currie, K. L.

doi:10.1017/s0263593300010944

Cited by 57 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Inchnation shallowing in the red beds seems to explain most of the inclination discrepancies between Silurian red bed and volcanic units, and avoids the need for large-scale Silurian displacements in central Newfoundland. This conclusion is also supported by the aforementioned Silurian overlap assemblage [10] in that it would link the CMB and the Humber Zone.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…This elongate outcrop pattern is parallel to the northnortheast regional fault orientation. The youngest volcanic unit, a nearly massive felsite (unit 10 [11]), is of Early Silurian age based on zircon U-Pb ages of 429 + 6/-5 Ma and 425 ___ 3 Ma by Chandler et al [10] and Coyle and Strong [11] respectively. This youngest volcanic unit is interbedded with red bed sandstone (unit 9 [11]) and is located in the northern section of the outcrop area.…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Springdale Group appears to be correlative with surrounding Silurian units: to the northwest, the King's Point Complex; to the north on the Baie Verte Peninsula, the Cape St. John Group; to the west, the Mic Mac Lake and Sheffield Lake Groups; to the west at the southern end of the Humber Peninsula, the Sops Arm Group [9]. The continuity of lower Silurian units in western Newfoundland suggests a linkage of the western Central Mobile Belt to the North American margin by this overlap assemblage [9,10]. This study was undertaken firstly to constrain the timing of the docking of CMB terranes in a test of the linkage/overlap situation suggested by the geology, and secondly to examine the disparate inclination results and corresponding paleolatitudes obtained from Silurian red beds and volcanics of the northern Appalachians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Silurian paleolatitude for central Newfoundland from paleomagnetism of the Wigwam Formation: Discussion

Pluijm¹,

Voo²,

Potts³

et al. 1993

Can. J. Earth Sci.

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Ancient remanences are retained by the Early Silurian (429 + 6/-5 Ma) mafic volcamcs of the Sprmgdale Caldera (five sites) and the overlying red beds (seven sites) Dual polarity magnetizations are obtained by thermal demagnehzation of samples from the red beds, whereas single polarity d~rectlons are observed m the volcamcs High unblockmg temperatures indicate hematite as the remanence carrier m both the volcamcs and sedxments These h~gh-temperature, characteristic remanences are easily ~solated and pass both the tilt and conglomerate tests, they are likely to be of primary Silurian age Characteristic dechnatlons are predominantly northerly and northeasterly, and md~cate s~gmficant structural rotahons on a local scale When the results of the red beds and the voleamcs are combined they show characteristic mchnatlons that are shallower than those of the correlative Botwood Group (ca 36 ° vs 43 °) but not nearly as shallow as those reported from the King George IV Lake area (0 5 °) Mean mchnatlons obtained from the Sprmgdale red beds are, however, slgmficantly shallower than those of the Sprmgdale volcanlcs The same difference can be seen m other previous Silurmn paleomagnehc studies of central Newfoundland We infer that an mcllnat~on error affects the red bed magnetizations of the Sprmgdale Group, Botwood Group (Wigwam Formation) and rocks of the King George IV Lake area Therefore, the results from Sdurlan red beds should not be used to determine paleolahtudes for central Newfoundland The mean paleolatltude of the Sprlngdale Group volcamcs is 30 ° The mean paleolatltudes for both the Sprlngdale volcanlcs and Botwood volcamcs (Lawrenceton Formation) are md~stmgmshable w~thm paleomagnetlc error hm~ts from the predicted paleolatltude of Newfoundland on the northeast-trending North American margin Thus, no detectable post-Silurian displacement ts shown by the volcamcs of the Sprmgdale Group with respect to cratomc North America.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Silurian paleolatitude for central Newfoundland from paleomagnetism of the Wigwam Formation: Discussion

Pluijm¹,

Voo²,

Potts³

et al. 1993

Can. J. Earth Sci.

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“…Red sandstone (King George IV red beds, a correlative of the Springdale Group; Chandler et al 1987) deposited on the Laurentian side immediately northwest of the Red Indian Line (10Ca131; point 3 in Figs. 1, 8) yielded a youngest detrital zircon population having a poorly defined weighted mean age (n=11) of 434 ± 9 Ma.…”

Section: Discussion Detrital Zircon Signature and Crustal Evolution Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sample 10Ca131 is an immature, coarse-grained red sandstone from the Llandovery -Wenlock King George IV red beds (Chandler et al 1987), situated immediately northwest of the Red Indian Line. Clasts are angular to subrounded (0.1-1.0 mm).…”

Section: Samples Near the Iapetus Suturementioning

confidence: 99%

Crustal Evolution of the Northeast Laurentian Margin and the Peri-Gondwanan Microcontinent Ganderia Prior to and During Closure of the Iapetus Ocean: Detrital Zircon U–Pb and Hf Isotope Evidence from Newfoundland

Willner

Gerdes

Massonne

et al. 2014

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Detrital zircon populations in sedimentary rocks from the Laurentian margin and the accreted microcontinent Ganderia on both sides of the main Iapetus suture (Red Indian Line) in central Newfoundland have been studied by combined U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotope analyses. Variation in εHf(t) values with age of zircon populations of distal provenance (>900 Ma) reflect the crustal evolution within the source continents: in zircon derived from Laurentia, episodes of juvenile magma production in the source could be detected at 1.00 – 1.65 and 2.55 – 3.00 Ga, and mixing of juvenile and recycled crust in continental magmatic arcs occurred at 0.95 – 1.40, 1.45 – 1.60, 1.65 – 2.05 and 2.55 – 2.75 Ga. These ages are consistent with the crustal history of northeastern Laurentia. Similarly, zircon of distal provenance from Ganderia reveals times of juvenile magma production in the source at 0.70 – 0.90, 1.40 – 1.75, 1.85 – 2.40 and 2.7 – 3.5 Ga, and episodes of mixing juvenile and recycled crust at 0.95 – 1.35, 1.45 – 1.60, 1.70 – 2.15 and 2.6 – 2.8 Ga. These data reflect the crustal evolution in the present northern part of Amazonia, its likely source craton. The evolution of magmatic arcs at the margins of both continents can be studied in a similar way using detrital zircon having a proximal provenance (<900 Ma). In contrast to the Laurentian margin, Ganderia is characterized by development of Neoproterozoic – Cambrian continental arcs (ca. 500 – 670 Ma) that were built on the margin of Gondwana. εHf(t) values indicate recycling of Neo- and Mesoproterozoic crust. During and following accretion of the various elements of Ganderia to Laurentia, the syn-tectonic Late Ordovician to Silurian sedimentary rocks deposited on the upper plate (composite Laurentia) continued showing only detritus derived from Laurentia. These sedimentary rocks contain detrital zircon from Iapetan juvenile, continental and successor arcs that were active between ca. 440 and 550 Ma, and from continuing magmatic activity until 423 Ma. Arrival of the first Laurentian detritus at the outermost part of Ganderia indicates that the Iapetus ocean was closed at ca. 452 Ma. The magmatic arcs along the former Laurentian margin in Newfoundland evolved differently. In the northwestern part, εHf(t) values point to recycling of Mesoproterozoic and Paleoproterozoic crust. In the southwest, εHf(t) values indicate addition of juvenile crust, recycling of Mesoproterozoic crust and mixing with juvenile magma. SOMMAIRELes populations de zircons détritiques des roches sédimentaires issus de la marge laurentienne et du microcontinent d’accrétion de Ganderia, des deux côtés de la principale suture Iapetus (linéation de Red Indian) dans le centre de Terre-Neuve, ont été étudiés par analyses combinées U–Pb et Lu–Hf. Les variations des valeurs εHf(t) en fonction de l’âge des populations de zircons distaux (>900 Ma) reflètent l’évolution de la croûte des continents sources : les zircons de Laurentie ont permis de détecter des épisodes magmatiques juvéniles dans la source entre 1,00 - 1,5, et 2,55 - 3,00 Ga, ainsi que des épisodes de mélange de croûte juvénile avec des croûtes d’arcs magmatiques continentaux recyclés entre 0,95 – 1,40, 1,45 – 1,60, 1,65 – 2,05, et 2,55 – 2,75 Ga. Ces datations correspondent bien à l’histoire de la croûte de la portion nord-est de la Laurentie. De même, le zircon distal de Ganderia révèle des épisodes de production de magmas juvéniles dans la source entre 0,70 - 0,90, 1,40 - 1,75, 1,85 - 2,40, et 2,7 - 3,5 Ga, ainsi que des épisodes de mélanges de matériaux juvéniles et de croûtes recyclés entre 0,95 - 1,35, 1,45 - 1,60, 1,70 - 2,15, et 2,6 - 2,8 Ga. Ces données reflètent l’évolution de la croûte dans la portion nord actuelle de l’Amazonie, son craton source probable. L’évolution des arcs magmatiques à la marge de ces deux continents peuvent être étudiées de la même manière en utilisant le zircon détritique proximal (<900 Ma). Contrairement à la marge laurentienne, celle de Ganderia est caractérisée par le développement d’arcs continentaux Néoprotéozoïque-Cambrien (env. 500 – 670 Ma) qui se sont constitués à la marge du Gondvana. Les valeurs de εHf(t) indiquent un recyclage de la croûte au Néoprotérozoïque et au Mésoprotérozoïque. Durant et après l’accrétion des divers éléments de Ganderia et de la Laurentie, les roches sédimentaires syntectoniques de la fin de l’Ordovicien et du Silurien qui se sont déposées sur la portion supérieure de la plaque (Laurentie composite) ne montrent toujours que des débris provenant de la Laurentie. Ces roches sédimentaires renferment des zircons détritiques juvéniles iapétiques, et d’arcs continentaux et d’arcs subséquents, qui ont été actifs entreentre (env. 440 et 550 Ma) et d’une activité magmatique continue jusqu’à 423 Ma. L’apport des premiers débris à la marge extrême de Ganderia indique que l’océan s’est fermée il y a env. 452 Ma. Les arcs magmatiques le long de l'ancienne marge laurentienne à Terre-Neuve ont évolué différemment. Dans la portion nord-ouest, les valeurs de εHf(t) indiquent un recyclage de la croûte au Mésoprotérozoïque et au Paléoprotérozoïque. Dans la portion sud-ouest, les valeurs de εHf(t) indiquent l’ajout d’une croûte juvénile, un recyclage de la croûte mésoprotérozoïque et un mélange avec un magma juvénile.

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The sedimentological expression of transgression–regression cycles upon aeolian–marine margins

Cross

Pettigrew

Priddy

et al. 2023

The Depositional Record

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When compared to their temperate coastal counterparts, sediments deposited and preserved along arid aeolian to shallow‐marine margins remain relatively poorly understood, particularly at the scale of lithofacies units and architectural elements. These systems often record evidence for relative sea‐level change within sedimentary basins. This work focusses on the Entrada–Curtis–Summerville formations that crop out in central eastern Utah, USA, and provides a detailed analysis of the aeolian Moab Member of the Curtis Formation (informally known as the Moab Tongue) that was impacted by cycles of marine transgressions and regression in the late Jurassic. This study utilises photogrammetry, sedimentary logging and sequence‐stratigraphical analysis techniques. Results indicate that four short‐lived transgressive‐regressive cycles are preserved within the Moab Member, followed by a broad regressive event recorded at the transition between the Curtis and Summerville formations. These cycles relate to changes in the relative sea level of the Sundance Sea and the deflation and expansion of the neighbouring aeolian dune field. During periods of normal regression, marine sediments displayed evidence of tidal and wave action, whereas the continental domain was characterised by growth of the aeolian system. However, when regression occurred within optimal physiographic conditions such as a restricted, semi‐enclosed basin, and at sufficient magnitude to outpace erg expansion, this acted to shut‐down bedform development and preservation. A rapid restriction of aeolian sediment availability and the inability of the dune field to recover resulted in the formation of deflationary sandsheets, arid coastal plain strata and contemporaneous shallow‐marine deposits that are starved of wind‐sourced sediments. This study highlights how a rapidly developing high‐magnitude regression can lead to the overall retraction of the erg. Deciphering the evolution and sequence stratigraphical relationships of arid aeolian to shallow marine margins is important in both understanding environmental interactions and improving the characterisation of reservoir rocks deposited in these settings.

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The age of the Springdale Group, western Newfoundland, and correlative rocks—evidence for a Llandovery overlap assemblage in the Canadian Appalachians

Cited by 57 publications

References 45 publications

Early Silurian paleolatitude for central Newfoundland from paleomagnetism of the Wigwam Formation: Discussion

Early Silurian paleolatitude for central Newfoundland from paleomagnetism of the Wigwam Formation: Discussion

Crustal Evolution of the Northeast Laurentian Margin and the Peri-Gondwanan Microcontinent Ganderia Prior to and During Closure of the Iapetus Ocean: Detrital Zircon U–Pb and Hf Isotope Evidence from Newfoundland

The sedimentological expression of transgression–regression cycles upon aeolian–marine margins

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