“…Li in [21] and was sometimes referred to as an exponential penalty item (see [19]). Because of its good approximation property to the max-function, it was used extensively for many problems such as the nonlinear programming problem [21,22,51], the non-smooth min-max problem [23,24,36,48], variational inequalities [27], generalized complementarity problems [8,34,37], mathematical programm with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) [4] etc.…”