The Alban Hills and Monti Sabatini volcanic products used in ancient Roman masonry (Italy): An integrated stratigraphic, archaeological, environmental and geochemical approach

Marra, Fabrizio; Deocampo, Daniel M.; Jackson, M.; Ventura, Guido

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.06.005

Cited by 60 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These textures and compositions are compatible with the most part of the volcanic products of the larger Roman Magmatic Province, including Latium and Campania, whereas they rule out the sole provenance from the Colli Albani district, where sanidine and plagioclase are extremely rare (Gaeta, 1998;Marra et al, 2011). The pumice sample BV2-P, besides a quasi-aphiric texture, also revealed the undiscriminating presence of rare sanidine and plagioclase among the phenocrystal assemblage.…”

Section: Vulci and Volsiniimentioning

confidence: 68%

Provenance materials for Vitruvius' harenae fossiciae and pulvis puteolanis : Geochemical signature and historical–archaeological implications

D'Ambrosio¹,

Marra

Cavallo

et al. 2015

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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Section: Vulci and Volsiniimentioning

confidence: 68%

Provenance materials for Vitruvius' harenae fossiciae and pulvis puteolanis : Geochemical signature and historical–archaeological implications

D'Ambrosio¹,

Marra

Cavallo

et al. 2015

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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“…To overcome the difficulty and subjectivity in identifying pyroclastic rocks, a method has been recently developed (Marra et al, 2011) based on the ratio of particular immobile elements (i.e. : Zr, Y, Nb, Th, Ta, TiO 2 ) which, unlike major elements (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical identification criteria for “peperino” stones employed in ancient Roman buildings: A Lapis Gabinus case study

Farr

Marra

Terrenato

2015

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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Lapis Gabinus is a durable volcanic stone originally exploited and employed in construction at the ancient Latin city of Gabii. From the second century BCE it was also exported to Rome, where it appears in a series of important monuments, including the Tabularium and the Forum of Augustus. It is a lithified hydromagmatic-surge deposit erupted about 285,000 years ago by the Castiglione Crater, 20 km east of Rome, and is similar in appearance to other local rocks that geologists and archeologists often call "peperino". In the present study we establish geochemical identification criteria to classify this rock and distinguish it from the other "peperini" employed by Roman builders. To this end, we have performed trace-element analyses on 17 samples of Lapis Gabinus collected from outcrops at Gabii, and on 11 samples representative of the other "peperino" stones occurring in the area of Rome. The resulting reference dataset has been employed to construct discrimination diagrams in which the geochemical compositional fields of the different rocks are defined. We then tested this identification method by plotting in these diagrams the trace-element compositions of 16 archeological samples of "peperino" stones collected from the buildings of ancient Gabii and Rome, spanning the sixth century BCE through the first century CE. Our results show that the three most common such stones (Lapis Gabinus, Lapis Albanus, Tufo del Palatino) have distinct trace-element compositions and can be readily distinguished using the proposed discrimination diagrams. This relatively simple and inexpensive identification method can be successfully extended to other archeological research on volcanic materials and employed for wider petrographic purposes.

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“…Diocletian) (Marra et al, 2011;Jackson et al, 2014). Investigations into the mechanical resilience of this mortar suggest that cementious processes due to the tephra component impede crack propagation (Jackson et al, 2014).…”

Section: Pantheon Markets Of Trajan Theater Of Marcellus Mausoleummentioning

confidence: 99%

Tephra fall clean-up in urban environments

Hayes

Wilson

Magill

2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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(223 words)Tephra falls impact urban communities by disrupting transport systems, contaminating and damaging buildings and infrastructure, and are potentially hazardous to human health.Therefore, prompt and effective tephra clean-up measures are an essential component of an urban community's response to tephra fall. This paper reviews case studies of tephra clean-up operations in urban environments around the world, spanning 50 years. It identifies methods used in tephra clean-up and assesses a range of empirical relationships between level of tephra accumulation and clean-up metrics such as collected tephra volume, costs, and duration of operations. Results indicate the volume of tephra collected from urban areas is proportional to tephra accumulation. Urban areas with small tephra accumulations (1,000 m 3 /km 2 or an average of 1 mm thickness) may collect <1% of the total deposit, whereas urban areas which experience large accumulations (>50,000 m 3 /km 2 or an average of 50 mm thickness) remove up to 80%. This relationship can inform impact and risk assessments by providing an estimate of the likely response required for a given tephra fall. No strong relationship was found between tephra fall accumulation and clean-up cost or duration for urban environments which received one-off tephra falls, suggesting that these aspects of tephra fall clean-up operations are context specific. Importantly, this study highlights the advantage of effective planning for tephra clean-up and disposal in potentially exposed areas.

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The Alban Hills and Monti Sabatini volcanic products used in ancient Roman masonry (Italy): An integrated stratigraphic, archaeological, environmental and geochemical approach

Cited by 60 publications

References 44 publications

Provenance materials for Vitruvius' harenae fossiciae and pulvis puteolanis : Geochemical signature and historical–archaeological implications

Provenance materials for Vitruvius' harenae fossiciae and pulvis puteolanis : Geochemical signature and historical–archaeological implications

Geochemical identification criteria for “peperino” stones employed in ancient Roman buildings: A Lapis Gabinus case study

Tephra fall clean-up in urban environments

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