The Algorithm for Determining Equivalent Stresses in the Cargo Car Frame From the Longitudinal Forces According to the Results of Tests for Collision

Abstract

Recently, the global car building has been a tendency to actively work on the creation of innovative cargo cars that meet modern requirements. The main directions of creating innovative cars consist in increasing axial loads and speed of movement. Under these conditions, issues of strength and reliability of wagons design are becoming relevant, the ability to withstand operational loads for the entire service life. The most damaging are shock loads arising from the dissolution of cars from the sorting slodder, the production of maneuver work, when braking, the sedimentation of the train, etc. Dynamic drum tests of cargo wagons under which the longitudinal shock forces are applied to the car frame via the motor armor, to determine the dynamic stresses and their distribution in the elements of the frame and body of the wagon, the maximum permissible value of the longitudinal force at which the rim or body of the wagon may occur. Impact tests can be carried out with a single car, which hits a group of inhibited loaded wagons, standing on a direct horizontal section of the railway track, or in which the loaded car battlefield is hung at different collisions. At the same time, the establishment of the strength of the frame of the wagon with longitudinal loads at maximum stresses, with modern requirements, is insufficient. Therefore, the main task of percussion tests is to determine the carrier capacity of the carriage for the entire service life. In this regard, the purpose of percussion tests is to determine the equivalent reduced amplitude of the strain from the action of the longitudinal forces arising in operation for the entire service life of the car, which makes it possible to estimate the safety reserve coefficient. An important stage of research is the automation of testing, which allows minimizing the number of errors caused by the human factor, increase the accuracy of calculations and reduce the time for testing. Key words: longitudinal forces, scheme, algorithm, strain, amplitude, impact force.