The alinear viscoelastic properties of human skin in vivo related to sex and age

Wijn, Pff Pieter; Brakkee, A. J. M.; Kuiper, Jacob; Vendrik, A. J. H.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-7310-7_17

Cited by 36 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Human skin is an anisotropic, nonlinear, viscous material (11,12). In traction loading, it can sustain large reversible strains [when the load is suppressed, after a certain time, the material goes back to its initial state -25% (13)].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear model of skin mechanical behaviour analysis with finite element method

Retel

Vescovo

Jacquet

et al. 2001

Skin Research and Technology

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear model of skin mechanical behaviour analysis with finite element method

Retel

Vescovo

Jacquet

et al. 2001

Skin Research and Technology

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“…Inner forearm of Caucasian men Indentation in vivo 4.5-8 kPa ± 12% [16] Inner forearm of 20 year old female subject Indentation in vivo 5.7 kPa [18] Forearm of individuals from 3 to 89 years of age Torsion in vivo 420 kPa ± 50% [19] Forearm of individuals from 6 to 61 years of age Torsion in vivo 41 kPa ± 44% [20] 61 normal subjects of both genders and various ages Uniaxial strain in vivo 300 kPa ± 20% [21] Calf of several human subjects of both genders Uniaxial strain + suction in vivo 0.6-4 MPa [22] Forearm of healthy human volunteers (54 men and 69 women) from 8 to 90 years of age Torsion in vivo 1.1 MPa ± 20% [23] MNs when compared to the highest forces required for human skin, such that it represents tougher skin samples.…”

Section: Stratum Corneummentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of an Artificial Mechanical Skin Model for the Study of Interactions between Skin and Microneedles

Ranamukhaarachchi

Schneider

Lehnert

et al. 2015

Macro Materials & Eng

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Microneedles are small needle-like structures that are almost invisible to the naked eye. They have an immense potential to serve as a valuable tool in many medical applications, such as painless vaccination. Microneedles work by breaking through the stratum corneum, the outermost barrier layer of the skin, and providing a direct path for drug delivery into the skin. A lot of research has been presented over the past two decades on the applications of microneedles, yet the fundamental mechanism of how they interact, pressure, and penetrate the skin in its native state is worth examining further. As such, a major diffi culty with understanding the mechanism of microneedle-skin interaction is the lack of an artifi cial mechanical human skin model to use as a standardized substrate. In this research news, the development of an artifi cial mechanical skin model based on a thorough mechanical study of fresh human and porcine skin samples is presented. The artifi cial mechanical skin model can be used to study the mechanical interactions between microneedles and skin, but not diffusion of molecules across skin. This model can assist in improving the performance of microneedles by enhancing the reproducibility of microneedle depth insertions for optimal drug delivery and biosensing.

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“…However, in deformation in daily work, the inclination of the skin stress-strain curves is linear and almost the same in all directions. 17,18 Therefore, the actual conditions would not be far from those of our models. More precise simulation would be Fig.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Biomechanical Analysis of Stresses Occurring in Vertical and Transverse Scars on the Lower Leg

Miyamoto

Nagasao

Miyamoto

et al. 2009

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

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In the early healing phase when the wound is weak, transverse scars are unfavorable because articular movement is consistent with the wound-opening direction. However, after wounds become stiff, the vertical scars are exposed to higher stresses than transverse scars. Therefore, from the long-term point of view, vertical scars are unfavorable in the lower leg. If high stresses in the wound inhibit scar maturation, the authors' results were consistent with the clinical observation that vertical leg wounds take a longer time to mature than transverse wounds.

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The alinear viscoelastic properties of human skin in vivo related to sex and age

Cited by 36 publications

References 6 publications

Nonlinear model of skin mechanical behaviour analysis with finite element method

Nonlinear model of skin mechanical behaviour analysis with finite element method

Development and Validation of an Artificial Mechanical Skin Model for the Study of Interactions between Skin and Microneedles

Biomechanical Analysis of Stresses Occurring in Vertical and Transverse Scars on the Lower Leg

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