The Alteration in Composition and Function of Gut Microbiome in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become one of the most common chronic metabolic diseases worldwide. Due to the increasing prevalence and various complications, diabetes brings about a huge financial burden to DM patients. Nowadays, more and more studies reveal the relationship between diseases and gut microbial community. We aimed to explore the alteration in composition and function of the gut microbiome in T2DM patients. Methods. A total of 137 patients with diabetes and 179 age- and gender-matched healthy controls selected from the healthy people sample center in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were divided into the DM group and the Con group, respectively. We collected their venous blood for laboratory tests and stool samples for 16S rRNA sequencing. The comparison between the two groups including both composition and function of the gut microbiome is presented.Results. We found that the α-diversity of bacterial taxa in the DM group had an evident decrease compared to that in the Con group. At the phylum level, the DM group had an obvious decrease of Bacteroidetes and a marked increase of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. At the genus level, Bacteroides and Prevotella decreased the most while Escherichia-Shigella, Lachnospiraceae_incertae_sedis, Subdoligranulum, Enterococcus, and Klebsiella had different degrees of expansion in the DM group. The ROC based on 246 optimum OTUs had very high test efficiency with an AUC of 92.25% in the training set and 90.48% in the test set. As for prediction of metabolic function, the gut microbiome of DM patients was predicted to be more active in environmental information processing and human diseases but less in metabolism. Conclusion. We observed alteration of composition and function of the gut microbiome in the DM group. These changes may provide a new treatment strategy for DM patients and new research targets.

Gut Microbiota Composition and Fecal Metabolic Profiling in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy

“…We discovered that compared to DM patients, DR patients had elevated Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, Subdoligranulum, Agathobacteria, and Olsenella and reduced Bacillus, Veillonella, and Pantoea abundances at the genus level (Supplementary Table 3). Moreover, we found that Faecalibacterium and Lachnospira were depleted in DM patients compared with healthy controls at the genus level, and Klebsiella and Enterococcus were enriched (Supplementary Table 4), which was consistent with Zhao's study (Zhao et al, 2020). The results of multiple comparisons between groups at the 0.05 level are marked using lowercase letters (abc), the same letter indicates the difference between the two groups is not significant (p > 0.05), and different letters indicate that the difference between the two groups is significant (p < 0.05).…”

Application of machine learning tools: Potential and useful approach for the prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on the gut microbiome profile

“…A previous study found that Enterococcus was positively correlated with obesity (35). Enterococcus was significantly higher in the patients with T2DM in the present study, which is in accordance with a study that showed that Enterococcus was more enriched in the DM group than in the control group (36). Interestingly, the abundance of Enterococcus was higher in both T2DM younger and older age subgroups than in the control younger age subgroup.…”

Sesquiterpene glycoside isolated from loquat leaf targets gut microbiota to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus in db/db mice

“…72 It has been commonly supported that the genus Bacteroides is significantly decreased in T2DM. 66,73 In line with prior research, our results showed that the SCFA-producing genera were greatly reduced in the db/db mice. Though, in the db/db mice after SG1 treatment, they were enriched obviously, especially the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Alistipes, Bacteroides, and Roseburia (Fig.…”