The Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders: A Clinical Application

Skodol, Andrew E.; Morey, Leslie C.; Bender, Donna S.; Oldham, John M.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.14101220

Cited by 100 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Furthermore, the DSM-5 AMPD predicts treatment decisions (e.g., level of treatment, type of psychotherapeutic or pharmacological treatment) better than the DSM-IV-TR/DSM-5 PD categories [36]. Examples of how the DSM-5 AMPD can be used in clinical practice are provided by Skodol, Morey, Bender, and Oldham [44] and Bach, Markon, Simonsen, and Krueger [11]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form (PID-5-SF): psychometric properties and association with big five traits and pathological beliefs in a Norwegian population

2016

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BackgroundWith the publication of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), an alternative model for personality disorders based on personality dysfunction and pathological personality traits was introduced. The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) is a 220-item self-report inventory designed to assess the personality traits of this model. Recently, a short 100-item version of the PID-5 (PID-5-SF) has been developed. The aim of this study was to investigate the score reliability and structure of the Norwegian PID-5-SF. Further, criterion validity with the five factor model of personality (FFM) and pathological personality beliefs was examined.MethodsA derivation sample of university students (N = 503) completed the PID-5, the Big Five Inventory (BFI), and the Personality Beliefs Questionnaire – Short Form (PBQ-SF), whereas a replication sample of 127 students completed the PID-5-SF along with the aforementioned measures.ResultsThe short PID-5 showed overall good score reliability and structural validity. The associations with FFM traits and pathological personality beliefs were conceptually coherent and similar for the two forms of the PID-5.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the Norwegian PID-5 short form is a reliable and efficient measure of the trait criterion of the alternative model for personality disorders in DSM-5.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40359-016-0169-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form (PID-5-SF): psychometric properties and association with big five traits and pathological beliefs in a Norwegian population

2016

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“…Perceived clinical utility is among the chief reasons for the persistence of the categorical model in the DSM . A number of case examples are now available in the literature for using the AMPD to develop treatment plans, and practice reviews generally suggest acceptability among clinicians . However, a framework for connecting AMPD features to specific therapeutic techniques is currently unavailable.…”

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confidence: 99%

A framework for treating DSM‐5 alternative model for personality disorder features

Hopwood

2018

Personality & Mental Health

100

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Despite its demonstrated empirical superiority over the DSM-5 Section 2 categorical model of personality disorders for organizing the features of personality pathology, limitations remain with regard to the translation of the DSM-5 Section 3 alternative model of personality disorders (AMPD) to clinical practice. The goal of this paper is to outline a general and preliminary framework for approaching treatment from the perspective of the AMPD. Specific techniques are discussed for the assessment and treatment of both Criterion A personality dysfunction and Criterion B maladaptive traits. A concise and step-by-step model is presented for clinical decision making with the AMPD, in the hopes of offering clinicians a framework for treating personality pathology and promoting further research on the clinical utility of the AMPD. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…While the DSM-IV categorical model was retained in the DSM-5 Section II as the official diagnostic system, a novel approach to the assessment of personality pathology was included in Section III to stimulate further research and possible inclusion in future DSM iterations [9]. The new system is a hybrid of dimensional and categorical ratings that include personality traits as well as diagnoses [10]. An innovative component is the Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS), which defines personality pathology in terms of impairments in self-functioning (Identity and Self-direction) and interpersonal functioning (Empathy and Intimacy), and can be used to assess both the presence and severity of personality pathology [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The four domains are rated individually, and for diagnostic purposes the clinician selects the level of functioning that most closely captures the patient’s overall level of impairment [11]. The LPFS constitutes the first step toward the diagnosis of a personality disorder under Section III [10]. Following the LPFS assessment, the clinician must assess pathological personality traits according to five trait domains: negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, and psychoticism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alternative model has received substantial criticism after its publication, especially for being too complicated for general clinical use and research [10]. While this criticism may in part reflect the difficulty of adjusting to new ideas when conducting any assessment or intervention, it underlines the importance of finding the right balance between the time and resources used when obtaining qualified assessment tools for clinical use as well as research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of personality-related levels of functioning: a pilot study of clinical assessment of the DSM-5 level of personality functioning based on a semi-structured interview

Thylstrup

Simonsen²,

Nemery³

et al. 2016

BMC Psychiatry

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BackgroundThe personality disorder categories in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV have been extensively criticized, and there is a growing consensus that personality pathology should be represented dimensionally rather than categorically. The aim of this pilot study was to test the Clinical Assessment of the Level of Personality Functioning Scale, a semi-structured clinical interview, designed to assess the Level of Personality Functioning Scale of the DSM-5 (Section III) by applying strategies similar to what characterizes assessments in clinical practice.MethodsThe inter-rater reliability of the assessment of the four domains and the total impairment in the Level of Personality Functioning Scale were measured in a patient sample that varied in terms of severity and type of pathology. Ratings were done independently by the interviewer and two experts who watched a videotaped Clinical Assessment of the Level of Personality Functioning Scale interview.ResultsInter-rater reliability coefficients varied between domains and were not sufficient for clinical practice, but may support the use of the interview to assess the dimensions of personality functioning for research purposes.ConclusionsWhile designed to measure the Level of Personality Functioning Scale with a high degree of similarity to clinical practice, the Clinical Assessment of the Level of Personality Functioning Scale had weak reliabilities and a rating based on a single interview should not be considered a stand-alone assessment of areas of functioning for a given patient.

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The Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders: A Clinical Application

Cited by 100 publications

References 43 publications

The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form (PID-5-SF): psychometric properties and association with big five traits and pathological beliefs in a Norwegian population

The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form (PID-5-SF): psychometric properties and association with big five traits and pathological beliefs in a Norwegian population

A framework for treating DSM‐5 alternative model for personality disorder features

Assessment of personality-related levels of functioning: a pilot study of clinical assessment of the DSM-5 level of personality functioning based on a semi-structured interview

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