The ambiguous effect of ascorbic acid on chromate induced proteinuria in rats

Appenroth, Dorothea; Winnefeld, K; Schröter, Heinz; Rost, M.

doi:10.1007/s002040050047

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It may be important to conduct further studies to evaluate this hypothesis. Though a number of studies have found dose-dependent nephrotoxicity with many drugs (Greggi-Atunes, et al, 2000, Martinez-Salgado, et al, 2007 at least one study has reported a reversal of effect similar to ours (Appenroth, et al, 1994). Our findings could be of immense clinical importance if confirmed by further studies because it would caution against co-administration of gentamicin and B-12 complex parenterally and suggest that careful evaluation of patients on concurrent treatment with both drugs may be crucial, especially at the initial phase of treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Influence of vitamin b-12 complex injection (eldervit-12) on gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats: a preliminary study

Bello¹,

Chika²

2010

Glo Jnl Pure Appl Sci

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Objectives: To assess the effect of vitamin B-12 complex injection on the nephrotoxicity of gentamicin. Design: Experimental study using a pre-validated model. Subject: Adult Swiss albino rats weighing 140-214g, Generic gentamicin sulphate injection and Vitamin B-12complex injection containing 2500mcg Cyanocobalamin, 12mg Niacinamide, 0.7 mg Folic acid and 150 mg Ascorbic acid in twin ampoules to be combined fresh before administration. Setting: A pharmacological research laboratory in a tertiary institute Results: In Swiss albino rats, both 0.5mls/kg/day and 1mls/kg/day of B-12 complex injection for 5 days significantly and dose dependently exacerbated the increase in serum urea and creatinine caused by 80mg/k/day of gentamicin while both doses of B-12 complex injection given for 10 days significantly and dose dependently ameliorated the increase in serum urea and creatinine caused by 80mg/k/day of gentamicin (reversal of effect). Conclusion: 0.5mls/kg/day of B-12 complex injection for 5 days exacerbated gentamicin nephrotoxicity while the same dose for longer duration or 1ml/kg/day of B-12 complex ameliorated the toxicity. The exacerbation is probably due to the ascorbic acid component while the reversal is probably due to the other components acting directly or through a time dependent pharmacological advantage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Influence of vitamin b-12 complex injection (eldervit-12) on gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats: a preliminary study

Bello¹,

Chika²

2010

Glo Jnl Pure Appl Sci

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“…157 Subsequent animal studies indicated that large parenteral doses (0.5-5 g/kg) of ascorbic acid prevented renal toxicity only when administered within 1-2 hours following the administration of chromate. 158,159 In these studies, the later administration of ascorbic acid was associated either with no effect or with increased nephrotoxicity. There are no clinical studies to support the use of ascorbic acid after the ingestion of Cr (VI) compounds or to determine the potential complication (e.g., oxaluria) of this therapy.…”

Section: Supportive Carementioning

confidence: 93%

Chromium

Barceloux¹

1999

Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology

468

304

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Chromium occurs primarily in the trivalent state (III), which is the most stable form, or in the hexavalent state (VI), which is a strong oxidizing agent. Elemental chromium (0) does not occur naturally on earth. Trivalent chromium (III) is an essential trace metal necessary for the formation of glucose tolerance factor and for the metabolism of insulin. Commercial applications of chromium compounds include tanning (III), corrosion inhibition, plating, glassware-cleaning solutions, wood preservatives (VI), manufacture of safety matches, metal finishing (VI), and the production of pigments (III, VI). Hexavalent chromium (VI) contaminated local soil when chromium waste slag was part of the fill material present in residential, public, and industrial areas. In some urban areas, about two-thirds of the chromium in air results from the emission of hexavalent chromium from fossil fuel combustion and steel production. The remaining chromium in air is the trivalent form. The residence time of chromium in air is < 10 days, depending on the particle size. Trivalent compounds generally have low toxicity and the gastrointestinal tract poorly absorbs these compounds. Hexavalent chromium is a skin and mucous membrane irritant and some of these hexavalent compounds are strong corrosive agents. Hexavalent chromium compounds also produce an allergic contact dermatitis characterized by eczema. Sensitivity to trivalent compounds is much less frequent, but some workers may react to high concentrations of these compounds. Hexavalent chromium is recognized by the International Agency for Research on Cancer and by the US Toxicology Program as a pulmonary carcinogen. The increased risk of lung cancer occurs primarily in workers exposed to hexavalent chromium dust during the refining of chromite ore and the production of chromate pigments. Although individual studies suggest the possibility of an excess incidence of cancer at sites outside the lung, the results from these studies are inconsistent.

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“…3 and 4), it can be presumed that Cr(VI) uptake, membrane damage, and the reactions leading to hepatotoxicity were almost completely finished by the time taurine was administered in the posttreatment group; therefore, taurine was no longer able to exert modulating effect against SOD and CAT enzyme depression. Appenroth et al [62] reported that the interval between Cr(VI) and ascorbic acid treatment was critical, and it depended on this period whether or not there is a beneficial effect of the antioxidant. In a recent publication by Sinha et al [36], treatment of hepatocytes with taurine either prior to or in combination (simultaneously) with sodium arsenite protected cells against oxidative stress; in line with our results, taurine pretreatment seems to be more promising.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protective and Antidotal Effects of Taurine on Hexavalent Chromium-Induced Oxidative Stress in Mice Liver Tissue

Boşgelmez

Söylemezoğlu

Güvendik

2008

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Acute exposure to hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] compounds can cause hepatotoxicity. Reactive intermediates and free radicals generated during reduction process may be responsible for Cr(VI) toxicity. In this study, the effects of pretreatment or posttreatment of taurine on Cr(VI)-induced oxidative stress and chromium accumulation in liver tissue of Swiss Albino mice were investigated. Single intraperitoneal (ip) potassium dichromate treatment (20 mgCr/kg), as Cr(VI) compound, significantly elevated the level of lipid peroxidation as compared with control group ( p<0.05). This was accompanied by significant decreases in nonprotein sulfhydryls (NPSHs) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities as well as a significant chromium accumulation in the tissue ( p<0.05). Taurine administration (1 g/kg, ip) before or after Cr(VI) exposure resulted in reduction of lipid peroxidation ( p<0.05) showed rebalancing effect on tissue NPSH levels either in pretreatment or in posttreatment ( p<0.05). Enzyme activities of SOD and CAT were restored by taurine pretreatment ( p<0.05), whereas posttreatment had less pronounced effects on these parameters. On the other hand, taurine treatment, before or after exposure, could exert only slight decreases in tissue Cr levels ( p>0.05). In view of the results, taurine seems to exert some beneficial effects against Cr(VI)-induced oxidative stress in liver tissue.

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The ambiguous effect of ascorbic acid on chromate induced proteinuria in rats

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Influence of vitamin b-12 complex injection (eldervit-12) on gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats: a preliminary study

Influence of vitamin b-12 complex injection (eldervit-12) on gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats: a preliminary study

Chromium

The Protective and Antidotal Effects of Taurine on Hexavalent Chromium-Induced Oxidative Stress in Mice Liver Tissue

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