The ameliorative activity of Chrysobalanus orbicularis in streptozotocin-induced type II diabetes mellitus rat model

Abstract

Chrysobalanus orbicularis is a medicinal plant present in West Africa in the Itsekiri speaking part of Nigeria. It is used conventionally in diabetes mellitus management. This research investigates the ameliorative activity of the aqueous leaf extract of C. orbicularis in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Freshly prepared streptozotocin (40 mg/kg body weight [BW]) was administered intraperitoneally to induce diabetes. Three diabetic groups were placed on aqueous leaf extract of C. orbicularis at 11.076, 22.134, and 44.268 mg/kg BW respectively; a group was placed on metformin (44.28 mg/kg BW), and the other two groups were the diabetic control and normal control. The experiment lasted for 28 days, thereafter, fasting blood glucose levels and body weight variations were recorded. Also, glycogen level, antioxidant enzyme, hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities, malonaldehyde (MDA) as well as glucose transporters 2 and 4 levels were analyzed using standard procedures. Diabetic rats administered aqueous extract of C. orbicularis leaf significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the fasting blood glucose and MDA levels, and glucose-6-phosphatase activity. In addition, administration of aqueous extract of C. orbicularis leaf to diabetic rats demonstrated a momentous increase in liver glycogen level, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, glutathione transferase, and hexokinase activities as well as GLUT-2 and GLUT-4 levels. The data from this study suggest that the aqueous extract of C. orbicularis leaf may be beneficial in the management of diabetic mellitus and its secondary effects.

Antiobesity and antidiabetes effects of Cyperus rotundus rhizomes presenting protein tyrosine phosphatase, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, metabolic enzymes, stress oxidant and inflammation inhibitory potential

“…T2D accounts for approximately 90% of all diabetes cases globally and is the most common form of the disease. T2D is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) and abnormal lipid levels (dyslipidemia), which result from the failure of insulin to activate signaling pathways (insulin resistance) in metabolic target tissues [ [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] ].…”

Efficiency of Biobran/MGN‐3, an Arabinoxylan Rice Bran, in Attenuating Diabetes‐Induced Cognitive Impairment of the Hippocampus via Oxidative Stress and IR/Akt/NF‐κB in Rats

“…Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common chronic endocrine metabolic disorders. It is characterized by hyperglycemia [ 1 ] and its most common form, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is characterized by relative insulin insufficiency and insulin resistance [ 2 ]. T2DM is associated with long-term complications affecting the brain, heart, blood vessels, kidneys, and eyes [ 3 ].…”