The ameliorative effect of N-acetylecysteine on cyclosporine induced testicular toxicity in male albino rats

Abstract

Introduction: Cyclosporine A (CsA) is considered one of the potent drugs that are used extensively in organ transplant and oncology patients. It is also used in autoimmune diseases. Unfortunately, its use is accompanied with several hazards; one of these is testicular toxicity. Nacetylecysteine (NAC) is an antioxidant found to reduce CsA toxicity. Aim of the work: The study aims to determine the toxic effect of exposure to cyclosporine on the testis and to investigate the protective role of NAC. Methods: The study conducted on 50 adult male albino rats for 4 weeks divided into 5 groups, group A the negative control group, group B the olive oil group (0.5 ml/d orally), group C the cyclosporine group (25mg/kg/d orally), group D the NAC group (600mg/kg/d orally) and group E the cyclosporine+NAC group. At the end of the study the evaluation was achieved by biochemical analysis and histopathology. Results: Cyclosporine significantly affects the testis morphologically and functionally. The morphological changes are in the form of degenerative changes in the tubules with dislocation of germ cells into the lumen and irregular outlines, Congestion of blood capillaries in the interstitial tissue, and functionally the cyclosporine cause significant decrease in serum testosterone level. While co-administration of NAC with cyclosporine attenuate these effects. Conclusion: Cyclosporine causes testicular injury through oxidative stress and NAC as an antioxidant attenuates but not fully protect against cyclosporine induced testicular toxicity.

Persea americana seed extract restores defective sperm quality and biochemical parameters relevant to reproduction in male wistar rats treated with cyclosporine A

“…The decrease in the luteinizing hormone could also be a result of a decreased expression of the Leydig cell. The decrease in the follicle stimulating and testosterone in this study is in agreement with a study conducted by Pan et al (2018) and Abdelkader et al (2021). These hormones play a crucial role in spermatogenesis and a decrease will affect the sperm motility, viability, morphology, and also affect the testis's weight.…”

“…An alteration in this axis will affect the secretion of the follicle‐stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone. Various studies have shown that the use of cyclosporine has a suppressive effect on the hormonal–pituitary gonadal axis in animal studies (Abdelkader et al, 2021). The use of cyclosporine decreases the level of serum testosterone by affecting the biosynthesis and secretion of testosterone in the testes.…”

Sperms Abnormalities and Testicular Damage Induced by cyclosporine A Drug and the Protective Effect of Garlic in Male Albino Rats

“…Cyclosporine A is a cyclic polypeptide drug with strong immunosuppressive potency [1]. Cyclosporine has been widely used in transplantation and preventing organ rejection, as well as in treating autoimmune diseases [1][2].…”

“…Due to its high toxicity, Cyclosporine A administration can be accompanied by many adverse side effects such as the nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, neurotoxic and testicular toxicity [1][2][3][4]. cyclosporine toxicity on fertility and other side effects limit its clinical use [1][2][3][4][5].…”