The ameliorative effect of protein hydrolysate on the imazamox-damaged young wheat plants

Abstract

The plant biostimulants (PBs) are a wide range of microbial and/or organic compounds applied to crops to improve the physiological processes such as nutrition efficiency, plant development and abiotic stress tolerance. Imazamox is a herbicide characterised with a wide spectrum of weed control, low application rates and low mammalian toxicity, but also with a high soil persistence. Therefore, the residual amounts of imazamox may negatively affect subsequent sensitive crops in the crop rotation. In the current study we investigated the effect of a single and combined treatment with imazamox and a plant biostimulant (protein hydrolisate) on the antioxidative defense system and the detoxification metabolism of wheat young plants. The result showed that the seed imbibition with 10 μM imazamox inhibits the growth of the young wheat plants. A slight improvement was found due to the additional treatment with protein hydrolysate of the wheat plants damaged by imazamox herbicide. According to the results, this improving effect on the growth does not ameliorate the plant detoxification metabolism such as glutathione S-transferases or antioxidative defense. However, the improving effect is low and insufficient to restore the plant growth and functioning and its effects on wheat production are not studied yet.

Photosynthetic performance and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.), exposed to simulated drift of imazamox and subsequent therapy application with protein hydrolysates

“…An increase in the nitrogen content was found in sunflower plants damaged by imazamox after a protein hydrolysate application (Neshev, 2020). In our previous studies, we have found that some PHs may have an ameliorative effect on imazamox damaged crops such as sunflower, pumpkin, wheat and oilseed rape (Balabanova et al, 2016;Balabanova 2021;Neshev et al, 2020;Neshev et al, 2021a;Neshev et al, 2021b).…”

Effect of additionally BCAA supply on imazamox-treated sunflower and antioxidative defense system

“…This inhibitory effect might be even more pronounced in combination with stressful abiotic conditions (Pfenning et al 2008). In our previous study we observed reduced chlorophyll content in the young leaves of the imazamox-treated IMI-R sunflower (Balabanova andVassilev 2015, Balabanova et al 2016). We also found that this growth retardation was overcome by the plants within Conventional sunflower cultivars are sensitive to imazamox, while the IMI-R hybrids are able to resist application rates that are lethal for the susceptible sunflower varieties.…”

“…A decrease of total protein content has been repeatedly reported as a result of AHAS-inhibiting herbicides application, even in the resistant species (Scarponi et al, 2001;Zulet et al, 2013), which corresponds also to our results. Previously, we have found that the plant biostimulants and in particular protein hydrolisates (containing short peptides and free amino acids) has an ameliorative effect on plants injured by imazamox (Balabanova et al, 2016;Balabanova, 2021;Neshev et al, 2022). This improving effect from adding the amino acids indicates that the additionally supplied amino acids are involved in the disrupted protein metabolism and thus relieve the overall protein turnover in plants.…”