The Amino Acid Composition of Fractionated Cortical Cells From Wool

Simmonds, D. H.; Bartulovich, John J.

doi:10.1177/004051755802800502

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The partial regression coefbcient of UBS on pH of suint was found to he -3.3fi (standard error = 1.3) in the above-mentioned regression analysis. This is significant at the 5% level and is in agreement with a contention that chemical changes due to alkaline conditions in the fleece tend to decrease the solubility of [ 1,2,4,5,6,7,8]. Most wools have ortho-like and para-like components, but there is no reason to suppose that either cortical segment is the same in one wool as in another.…”

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Amino-Acid Analysis of Orthocortex from Lincoln Wool

Haly

Inglis

1964

Textile Research Journal

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confidence: 87%

“…the sheep's back these conditions can be met by the presence of mildly alkaline suint for which pH values between 9 and 10 are not uncommon. Other reactions, e.g., oxidation of cystine in the keratin to cysteic acid [7], disulfide exchange [3], and conformational changes [8] could complicate a straightforward relationship.…”

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confidence: 99%

Amino-Acid Analysis of Orthocortex from Lincoln Wool

Haly

Inglis

1964

Textile Research Journal

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“…Isolation of cortical cells from wool, by enzymic or chemical procedures generally results in some loss of material and chemical modification of the cells (Ward et al 1955;Leveau 1958;Simmonds and Bartulovich 1958;Lundgren 1965). With Hel treatment and suitable reaction conditions, however, these disadvantages can be minimized (Leveau 1956a(Leveau , 1956b, and cortical cell dimensions measured under optimal conditions (Short et al 1965) should enable valid comparisons to be made of variations in cortical cell size.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cell Proliferation and Cortical Cell Production in Relation to Wool Growth

Wilson¹,

Short²

1979

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Aust. J. Bioi. Sci., 1979, 32, 317-27 The relationship of wool growth to cell proliferation in the follicle bulb and to the subsequent migration and growth of the fibre cortical cells was investigated in 10 Peppin Merino sheep. These sheep had been maintained on a low, medium or high level of nutrient intake to ensure a wide range in wool growth. The number and mitotic activity of the germinal cells in the follicle bulb were determined after administration of colchicine. Cortical cell size was measured following isolation of the fibre cells by acid-treatment of wool.The average fibre production of the follicle varied from 4·1 x 10 4 to 13·2 X 10 4 IIm3/day in these sheep. There were also substantial differences between sheep in the mitotic activity of the germinal cells in the bulb, the rate of cell proliferation being highly correlated with the average daily fibre production of the follicle (r = + O' 88, n = 10). However, the size of the germinal cell population differed from sheep to sheep and was not closely related to the level of fibre production (r = + 0'48, n = 10). The average turnover time of these cells was inversely related to fibre production and varied from 41·6 to 19·4 h (r = -0'82, n = 10).Multiple regression analysis of the data showed that the average daily fibre production of the follicle was largely determined by the number of germinal cells present in the bulb and their rate of proliferation (R = + O· 95, n = 10). Variations in cell turnover time and in cortical cell size were not significant in influencing the rate of fibre production. In these sheep, the average cortical cell varied in size from 658 to 1279 11m3 and the positive correlation (r = + 0·83, n = 10) found between cell size and fibre production is considered to merely reflect an allometric relationship. . The proportion of germinal cells contributing to the fibre cortex was found to be small and variable, ranging from 9·4 to 17· 8 %. Furthermore, this proportion was not related to the nutritional level of these sheep, and it· is thought that the variability in the distribution of cells to the fibre may be attributed to genetic differences between sheep.

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“…Many chemical analyses have been made of cortical cells (Mercer, Golden, and Jeffries 1954;Ward, Binkley, and Snell 1955;Ward and Bartulovich 1956;Simmonds and Bartulovich 1958;Leveau 1957Leveau , 1958 and cuticle (Geiger 1944a(Geiger , 1944bLustig, Kondritzer, and Moore 1945;Lindley 1947;Elliott and Roberts 1957;Elliott, Asquith, and Rawson 1959;Bradbury 1960a) separated from wool, but there have been large differences between the results of different workers for three reasons. Firstly, there is the possibility of inadequate identification of the histological component by microscopy; then there has been, in many cases, a lack of knowledge of the amount by which the component is chemically modified during preparation; and, finally, many of the chemical analyses have been inadequate or incomplete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemical Composition of Wool II. Analysis of the Major Histological Components Produced by Ultrasonic Disintegration

Jh¹,

Gv²,

Nl³

1965

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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SummaryUltrasonic disruption of powdered Merino wool in formic acid and dichloroacetic acid causes some protein to be dissolved, but the amino acid content of the residual wool is unchanged by the treatment. Cortical cells and disrupted cortical cells are found to have the same composition as the parent fibre, which is to be expected because the latter consists of about 90 % cortical cells. However, the cuticle of Merino wool is different in composition from the parent fibre, being richer in cysteic acid, serine, proline, glycine, valine, and cystine, and poorer in aspartic acid, threonine, glutamic acid, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and arginine than the whole fibre. Thus the cuticle is considerably less polar than the fibre as a whole. With the exceptions detailed below, it is found that the first group of amino acids listed above are classified as non a.helix.forming and the second group as a·helix· forming by Blout (1962). The exceptions are isoleucine and threonine, whilst arginine and glycine are not classified. It is therefore postulated that the cuticle is amorphous because of its high content of non a·helix.forming amino acids. The cuticle of Lincoln wool shows similar differences to those already given for Merino cuticle but, in addition, contains less lysine and histidine than the whole fibre.

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The Amino Acid Composition of Fractionated Cortical Cells From Wool

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Amino-Acid Analysis of Orthocortex from Lincoln Wool

Amino-Acid Analysis of Orthocortex from Lincoln Wool

Cell Proliferation and Cortical Cell Production in Relation to Wool Growth

The Chemical Composition of Wool II. Analysis of the Major Histological Components Produced by Ultrasonic Disintegration

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