The Analysis of Facio-Dental Proportions to Determine the Width of Maxillary Anterior Teeth: A Clinical Study

Abstract

The present study aimed to analyze mid horizontal facial third proportions, those being the interpupillary, inner intercanthal, and bizygomatic distance modified with golden proportion, The Preston proportion, golden percentage and 70% recurring esthetic dental proportion were used for determining maxillary anterior teeth width. A total of 230 participants took part in this study. The front dental and facial photographs along dental stone cast which were converted to three-dimensional (3D) models were used for evaluation. The mid horizontal facial third proportions showed no significant relationship with maxillary anterior teeth width without modification with dental proportions. Whereas, with modification, no statistically significant difference was found between inner-intercanthal distance by golden percentage and width of central incisors. The bizygomatic distance was greater than intercanine distance. While the interpupillary distance by golden proportion was found to be consistent with intercanine distance in female participants. The modified anterior teeth width was significantly different from measured values, when determined by using the three mid facial proportions with Preston and 70% recurring esthetic dental (RED) proportion. Furthermore, the measured width of maxillary anterior teeth showed no difference when plaster dental casts widths were compared with 3D models. The interpupillary, inner-intercanthal, and bizygomatic distance should not be directly used to determine maxillary anterior teeth width. While maxillary anterior teeth width can be determined by modifying the inner inter-canthal distance with golden percentage and interpupillary distance with golden proportion. Moreover, the midfacial third proportions modified with Preston and 70% recurrent esthetic dental proportion were found to be unreliable for the determination of maxillary anterior teeth widths.

Maxillary Anterior Teeth Dimensions and Relative Width Proportions: A Narrative Literature Review

“…However, predicting central incisor width with 70% RED proportions and inter-alar distance is an accurate method to evaluate the width of maxillary anterior teeth [62] using specific formulas. A recent study [63] also identified formulas to determine central incisor width by modifying inner-canthal distance according to Golden Percentage, and interpupillary distance according to Golden Proportions. The Golden Rectangle theory, as suggested by a few articles found in the literature, seems to be applicable to the Indian populations investigated in the studies, both in men and women [64][65][66].…”