The analysis on energy and environmental impacts of microalgae-based fuel methanol in China

Energy production from microalgae biomass: carbon footprint and energy balance

“…Some studies found positive and negative results, depending on the technological scenario modeled. Lardon et al (2009) Biodiesel production from microalgae X Clarens et al (2010) Biomass production from microalgae X Liu et al (2009) Methanol production from microalgae X Scott et al (2010) Biodiesel production from microalgae X Jorquera et al (2010) Biomass production using different methods X X Liu et al (2011) Biodiesel produced from six microalgae (raceway) models X X Razon and Tan (2011) Biodiesel and methane produced from microalgae X São Paulo -Brazil -May 22 nd to 24 th -2013 Clarens et al (2011) compared different routes of energy production from microalgae biomass such as: biogas electricity and biodiesel, direct biomass combustion for electricity and biodiesel, and biomass combustion for electricity only. All of the products from each route were intended for transportation.…”

Optimalization of Extraction Conditions for Increasing Microalgal Lipid Yield by Using Accelerated Solvent Extraction Method (ASE) Based on the Orthogonal Array Design

“…For the past decades, atmospheric pollutions that involve with using fossil fuel have resulted in many severe problems of environment and human health [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . Therefore, exploitation and utilization of clean and renewable energy have become the strategic consideration for many countries.…”

From harmful to useful algae

“…When fertilizers are ending up in waste streams, they can become a source of water pollution. Life cycle assessments of algae cultivation are described in literature (Brentner et al, 2011;Clarens et al, 2010;Lardon et al, 2009;Liu and Ma, 2009;Yang et al, 2011). These studies focus to a large extent on the use of energy and water.…”

“…Algae production usually takes place in so-called algae Algae production may have environmental implications. Several life cycle assessments (LCAs) have been published, indicating that these environmental implications are largely associated the use of fertilisers, energy, and water (Brentner et al, 2011;Clarens et al, 2010;Lardon et al, 2009;Liu and Ma, 2009;Yang et al, 2011). Relatively high fertiliser inputs are needed during algae cultivation, resulting potentially high losses of nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to the environment, giving rise to eutrophication.…”

“…However, existing studies typically focus on energy use only, and compare the energy content of the produced biodiesel and the energy needed to produce the diesel. Waste production and the use of resources is often ignored in these studies, while it is an essential part of the impact of such systems (Blaas and Kroeze, 2014;Brentner et al, 2011a;Clarens et al, 2010;Lardon et al, 2009;Liu and Ma, 2009;Reijnders, 2013;Yang et al, 2011).…”