2018
DOI: 10.1002/dta.2417
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The analytical challenges of cyclopropylfentanyl and crotonylfentanyl: An approach for toxicological analysis

Abstract: New psychoactive substances (NPS) are increasingly being seen in forensic casework globally and encompass a number of types of drugs including "designer opioids", especially fentanyl analogues, which are of particular concern due to their high potency and significant risk of toxicity. They are often sold as heroin or mixed with other illicit drugs and therefore users may be unaware they are taking such hazardous compounds. Two fentanyl analogues that have recently been detected are cyclopropylfentanyl and crot… Show more

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Cited by 28 publications
(26 citation statements)
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“…The reasons for this deplorable popularity renaissance include relatively facile and cheap syntheses as well as high potencies of fentanyl derivatives. From the point of view of chemical sciences, the fentanyl crisis increases the demand for analytical capabilities to identify illicit substances [26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34], in particular novel derivatives. This is due to not only the requirements of forensic medicine, but it is also important for regulatory, preventive and, law enforcement purposes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The reasons for this deplorable popularity renaissance include relatively facile and cheap syntheses as well as high potencies of fentanyl derivatives. From the point of view of chemical sciences, the fentanyl crisis increases the demand for analytical capabilities to identify illicit substances [26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34], in particular novel derivatives. This is due to not only the requirements of forensic medicine, but it is also important for regulatory, preventive and, law enforcement purposes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hydroxylation of the cyclopropyl moiety or amide hydrolysis has not been detected in this study. The main metabolite norcyclopropylfentanyl has also been detected by Maher et al (2018) in urine samples of two death cases and Palaty et al (2018) in several urine samples of patients with a substance use disorder from two canadian provinces.…”
Section: Fentanyl and Fentanyl Analogsmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…CycP‐F presents the same empirical formula (C 23 H 28 N 2 O) as another fentanyl analogue, crotonylfentanyl (Cro‐F) . Analytical differentiation of these compounds has proven difficult . One group has reported the differention of CycP‐F and two isomers of Cro‐F utilising GC–MS .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…CycP-F presents the same empirical formula (C 23 H 28 N 2 O) as another fentanyl analogue, crotonylfentanyl (Cro-F). 16,17 Analytical differentiation of these compounds has proven difficult. 17 One group has reported the differention of CycP-F and two isomers of Cro-F utilising GC-MS. 18 However, spectrally only minor differences in ion ratios were observed between CycP-F and the two Cro-F isomers, and additional analysis with FTIR or NMR was recommended to support identification.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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