THE ANATOMY OF <i>MONODONTOMERUS DENTIPES</i> BOH., AN ENTOMOPHAGOUS CHALCID

Bucher, G. E.

doi:10.1139/cjr48d-020

Cited by 35 publications

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“…In the apocritan taxa examined except S. cinctipes (Stephanidae), the lateral metafurcal arms are well developed, extending towards the metapleural apodemes in I. rufipes (Ibaliidae; Ronquist and Nordlander 1989) or even fusing with them as observed in M. fasciipennis (Megalyridae), A. striatus (Aulacidae), O. pulchella (Trigonalidae) and V. pensylvanica (Vespidae; Duncan 1939); the latter condition (character 41, state 2) was also observed in Apis mellifera (Apidae; Snodgrass 1942) and M. dentipes (Chalcidoidea; Bucher 1948). The anterior metafurcal arms are less conspicuous (except in S. cinctipes), as the metafurca lies close to the mesofurca (Duncan 1939); in Apoidea, the meso-and metafurcal arms are actually fused and the metafurco-mesofurcal muscles (27) are absent (Snodgrass 1942;Heraty et al 1994).…”

Section: The Metascutellum Paracoxal Sulci Metafurca and Mesospina mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Scherbakov (1981) inferred that the fusion of T1 with the metapleura took place along the metapleural sulci, making the lines of fusion indistinguishable from them. Bucher (1948), examining Mono-dontomerus dentipes (Chalcidoidea), placed the lines of fusion in the same positions, but considered the epimera to be incorporated in the propodeum. In I. rufipes, the anteroventral corners of 'area(s) 98' actually project anterolaterally (L. Vilhelmsen personal observation), separating the dorsal 'area(s) 97' (Ronquist and Nordlander 1989) from the rest of the metapleura.…”

Section: The Fusion Of the Metapleura With T1 And The Association Bementioning

confidence: 99%

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Before the wasp-waist: comparative anatomy and phylogenetic implications of the skeleto-musculature of the thoraco-abdominal boundary region in basal Hymenoptera (Insecta)

Vilhelmsen¹

2000

Zoomorphology

115

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The skeleto-musculature of the metathorax and first abdominal segment was studied in representatives from all 'symphytan' families. Forty-three informative characters were coded and scored. The distribution of character states are discussed with reference to recent cladistic treatments of the Hymenoptera. Previously unreported autapomorphies for the Hymenoptera are the separation of the metathoracic trochantins from the metepisterna and metacoxae, the position of the metafurca anteriorly on the discrimenal lamella of the metathorax and the presence of second abdominal sternum (S2)metacoxal muscles. The absence of metapleuro-S2 muscles is an autapomorphy for the non-xyelid Hymenoptera. Putative autapomorphies of the Tenthredinoidea are:(1) the presence of transverse metanotal muscles, (2) the subdivision of the second phragmo-third phragmal muscles, part of which arises from the metalaterophragmal lobes, (3) the posterior thoracic spiracle occlusor muscles arising from the mesepisterna, (4) the absence of trochantins and metanoto-trochantinal muscles and (5) the presence of elongate lateral metafurcal arms. Having the paracoxal sulci extending along the anterior margins of the metepisterna and the anterior metafurcal arms reduced are synapomorphies for all tenthredinoid families excluding Blasticotomidae. The presence of transversely extended cenchri with hooks on their entire surface is a putative synapomorphy for Diprionidae + Cimbicidae + Argidae + Pergidae. The clade Cimbicidae + Argidae + Pergidae is supported by the absence of metanotometabasalar muscles, the fusion of the first abdominal tergite (T1) with the metepimera and the absence of posterior metapleuro-metafurcal muscles. Autapomorphies of the Cimbicidae are the absence of the metalaterophragmal lobes and the metalaterophragmal-metafurcal muscles. Having the mesoscutello-metanotal muscle inserting on a projection from the anterior margin of the a Thickness of sections in transverse/longitudinal series, -series not made 189 Fig. 1A,B Macroxyela ferruginea (Xyelidae), metathorax. A Lateral view. B Ventral view. Mesothorax removed to reveal the anterior parts of the metafurcal arms and the metanotum in ventral view; cuticle severed along the anterior margins of the metapleura, as indicated by heavy black line. aba Apodemal part of the basalare, ac anapleural cleft, ai articular inflection, ama anterior metafurcal arm, anwp anterior metanotal wing process, aps anapleural sclerite, ce cenchrus, C2 mesocoxa, C3 metacoxa, di3 discrimen of the metathorax, eba external part of the basalare, epm2 mesepimeron, epm3 metepimeron, eps2 mesepisternum, eps3 metepisternum, lca lateral metacoxal articulation, lma lateral metafurcal arm, mca median metacoxal articulation, mfp metafurcal pit, mpa metapleural arm, mpr metapleural ridge, N3 metanotum, pcn paracoxal notch, pcs paracoxal sulcus, Ph3 third phragma, pn3 metapostnotum, pnwp posterior metanotal wing process, ps2 mesopleural sulcus, ps3 metapleural sulcus, pw metapleural wing process, sa subalare, sca scutellar ...

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Section: The Metascutellum Paracoxal Sulci Metafurca and Mesospina mentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: The Fusion Of the Metapleura With T1 And The Association Bementioning

confidence: 99%

Before the wasp-waist: comparative anatomy and phylogenetic implications of the skeleto-musculature of the thoraco-abdominal boundary region in basal Hymenoptera (Insecta)

Vilhelmsen¹

2000

Zoomorphology

115

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“…Terms used to describe adult morphology are based largely on Graham (1969) with some deviation to follow terms used by Snodgrass (1911), Bucher (1948) and Masner (1980). The term pedicel and prepectus are preferred to the terms pedicellus and postspiracular sclerite, respectively (Fig.…”

Section: Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudochakura (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae), a New World genus of chalcidoids parasitic on ants

Heraty

1986

Systematic Entomology

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The genus Pseudochalcura Ashmead (Eucharitidae: Eucharitinae) is revised to include thirteen species which all share the complete fusion of the genae behind the mandibles and a loss of functional mouthparts. Eight Neotropical and one Nearctic species of Pseudochalcura are described as new: afra (Mexico), condylus (lesser Antilles),, sepfuosa (Mexico). P.chilensis Kieffer is redescribed. The known distribution of P.nigrocyanea Ashmead is extended to Uruguay and Venezuela. The known distribution of P.americana (Howard) [comb.n.] is extended to Panama, Columbia, Ecuador, Argentina and northward into the southern tip of Florida. All three previously described Nearctic species are synonomized under the name P.gibbosa (Provancher) with P. arizonensis (Crawford) and P. californica (Ashmead) as junior synonyms. Biological information is summarized providing new information on both plant and ant hosts. A phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus is presented.

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“…The presence of microtrichia on the lateral margins of the sulcus suggests that it has been formed by the invagination of the dorsal part of the hypostomal bridge and that the internal ridges fused as a single median structure. A median sulcus is present also in Schlettererius , Aulacus , and Vespula (Duncan 1939), whereas the condition in Ibalia (Ronquist & Nordlander 1989), Monodontomerus (Chalcidoidea; Bucher 1948), Aleiodes (Braconidae; Ross 1937), Stenobracon (Braconidae; Alam 1951), and Apis (Snodgrass 1942) resembles that of Xiphydria . Orthogonalys has a narrow median area between the post‐genae, delimited by two lines continuous with the hypostomal sulci; there are no conspicuous internal ridges corresponding to these lines, however.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The occipital region in the basal Hymenoptera (Insecta): a reappraisal

Vilhelmsen¹

1999

Zoologica Scripta

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The occipital region in representatives of all the ‘symphytan’ families and a few apocritans is investigated. A new character, the occurrence of occipital sulci, is described. The absence of occipital sulci and corresponding internal ridges is a putative synapomorphy for the Xiphydriidae, Orussoidea, and Apocrita. Independent loss has occurred in the cimbicid genus Zaraea. The evolution of sclerotizations between the occipital and oral foramina in basal Hymenoptera is discussed. A postoccipital bridge, an internal structure formed by the fusion of the apodemes for the profurco‐postoccipital muscles, forming a ventral connection between the tentorial arms, is present in Cimbex, Cephoidea, and Syntexis. An external sclerotization, the hypostomal bridge, is present in Corynis, Cephoidea, ‘Siricoidea’, Orussoidea, and Apocrita. In Syntexis, the postoccipital and hypostomal bridges are continuous. It is difficult to decide whether a hypostomal bridge is also present in the Pamphilioidea, or the external sclerotization in this superfamily has evolved independently. In the Siricidae, Orussidae, and some Apocrita, a postgenal bridge largely replaces the hypostomal bridge. The postgenal bridge has evolved at least twice independently in the Hymenoptera.

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THE ANATOMY OF MONODONTOMERUS DENTIPES BOH., AN ENTOMOPHAGOUS CHALCID

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Before the wasp-waist: comparative anatomy and phylogenetic implications of the skeleto-musculature of the thoraco-abdominal boundary region in basal Hymenoptera (Insecta)

Before the wasp-waist: comparative anatomy and phylogenetic implications of the skeleto-musculature of the thoraco-abdominal boundary region in basal Hymenoptera (Insecta)

Pseudochakura (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae), a New World genus of chalcidoids parasitic on ants

The occipital region in the basal Hymenoptera (Insecta): a reappraisal

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