The Andean-type Gangdese Mountains: Paleoelevation record from the Paleocene–Eocene Linzhou Basin

Ding, Lin; Xu, Qiang; Yue, Yahui; Wang, Houqi; Cai, Fulong; Li, Shun

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.01.045

Cited by 389 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Coupled 18 O and 13 C enrichment in endogenic carbonates has been documented and discussed at some length in the limnological (Stuiver, 1970;Talbot, 1990;Huang et al, 2014), pedological (Cerling and Quade, 1993;Quade et al, 2007;Ding et al, 2014), and speleological communities (Hendy, 1971;Mickler et al, 2006;Dreybrodt and Deininger, 2014). Oxygen and carbon stable isotopic covariation has also been documented in evaporating Dead Sea brines (Stiller et al, 1985), degassing epithermal systems (Zheng, 1990) and laboratory experiments (Ufnar et al, 2008;Abongwa and Atekwana, 2013).…”

Section: Evaporation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Evaporation induced 18O and 13C enrichment in lake systems: A global perspective on hydrologic balance effects

Horton

Defliese

Tripati

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

148

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a b s t r a c tGrowing pressure on sustainable water resource allocation in the context of global development and rapid environmental change demands rigorous knowledge of how regional water cycles change through time. One of the most attractive and widely utilized approaches for gaining this knowledge is the analysis of lake carbonate stable isotopic compositions. However, endogenic carbonate archives are sensitive to a variety of natural processes and conditions leaving isotopic datasets largely underdetermined. As a consequence, isotopic researchers are often required to assume values for multiple parameters, including temperature of carbonate formation or lake water d 18 O, in order to interpret changes in hydrologic conditions. Here, we review and analyze a global compilation of 57 lacustrine dual carbon and oxygen stable isotope records with a topical focus on the effects of shifting hydrologic balance on endogenic carbonate isotopic compositions.Through integration of multiple large datasets we show that lake carbonate d 18 O values and the lake waters from which they are derived are often shifted by >þ10‰ relative to source waters discharging into the lake. The global pattern of d 18 O and d 13 C covariation observed in >70% of the records studied and in several evaporation experiments demonstrates that isotopic fractionations associated with lake water evaporation cause the heavy carbon and oxygen isotope enrichments observed in most lakes and lake carbonate records. Modeled endogenic calcite compositions in isotopic equilibrium with lake source waters further demonstrate that evaporation effects can be extreme even in lake records where d 18 O and d 13 C covariation is absent. Aridisol pedogenic carbonates show similar isotopic responses to evaporation, and the relevance of evaporative modification to paleoclimatic and paleotopographic research using endogenic carbonate proxies are discussed.Recent advances in stable isotope research techniques present unprecedented opportunities to overcome the underdetermined nature of stable isotopic data through integration of multiple isotopic proxies, including dual element 13 C-excess values and clumped isotope temperature estimates. We demonstrate the utility of applying these multi-proxy approaches to the interpretation of paleohydroclimatic conditions in ancient lake systems. Understanding past, present, and future hydroclimatic systems is a global imperative. Significant progress should be expected as these modern research techniques become more widely applied and integrated with traditional stable isotopic proxies.

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Section: Evaporation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Evaporation induced 18O and 13C enrichment in lake systems: A global perspective on hydrologic balance effects

Horton

Defliese

Tripati

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, we also see no evidence that ever-wet conditions existed during the deposition of either Gurha assemblage. It is possible that under the lower equator-to-pole thermal gradient of the early Eocene (Greenwood and Wing, 1995) a wider ITCZ latitudinal migration (Huber and Goldner, 2012) At the start of the Eocene the proto-Tibetan Plateau/Gangdese Massif was already high (>4 km) Ding et al, 2014) and on its southern flank the megathermal, palm-rich, Liuqu flora indicates a far weaker contrast in seasonal rainfall than the approximately contemporary Gurha floras ~20° further south on the Indian Plate. If the proto-Tibetan Plateau had been playing a key role in monsoon dynamics we would expect a higher wet quarter/dry quarter precipitation ratio in the Liuqu flora.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscript 29mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall rainfall is low because today the fossil sites sit in the summer rainshadow of the Himalaya. In the Paleogene the forests the fossils represent were located on the southern flank of a high (>4 km) proto-Tibetan Plateau (Ding et al, 2014(Ding et al, , 2017Wang et al, 2014) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleogene monsoons across India and South China: Drivers of biotic change

et al. 2017

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“…The southern Tibetan plateau is presently drained by the Yarlung and Indus Rivers, which each flow parallel to the Himalayan range for more than 1,000 km before descending from the plateau at the Himalayan syntaxes. Evidence from fossils and carbonate stable isotopes suggest that high elevations in the southern Tibetan plateau persisted since at least 15 Ma (10, 11) and potentially even before collision began (12). Additionally, sediments from the Himalayan foreland, Bengal, and Central Myanmar basins require external drainage of the southern Tibetan plateau since at least 14 Ma and potentially as early as 40 Ma (13)(14)(15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion in southern Tibet shut down at ∼10 Ma due to enhanced rock uplift within the Himalaya

Tremblay

Fox

Schmidt

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Exhumation of the southern Tibetan plateau margin reflects interplay between surface and lithospheric dynamics within the Himalaya-Tibet orogen. We report thermochronometric data from a 1.2-km elevation transect within granitoids of the eastern Lhasa terrane, southern Tibet, which indicate rapid exhumation exceeding 1 km/Ma from 17-16 to 12-11 Ma followed by very slow exhumation to the present. We hypothesize that these changes in exhumation occurred in response to changes in the loci and rate of rock uplift and the resulting southward shift of the main topographic and drainage divides from within the Lhasa terrane to their current positions within the Himalaya. At ∼17 Ma, steep erosive drainage networks would have flowed across the Himalaya and greater amounts of moisture would have advected into the Lhasa terrane to drive large-scale erosional exhumation. As convergence thickened and widened the Himalaya, the orographic barrier to precipitation in southern Tibet terrane would have strengthened. Previously documented midcrustal duplexing around 10 Ma generated a zone of high rock uplift within the Himalaya. We use numerical simulations as a conceptual tool to highlight how a zone of high rock uplift could have defeated transverse drainage networks, resulting in substantial drainage reorganization. When combined with a strengthening orographic barrier to precipitation, this drainage reorganization would have driven the sharp reduction in exhumation rate we observe in southern Tibet.Tibet-Himalaya | thermochronometry | landscape evolution T he Himalaya-Tibet orogenic system, formed by collision between India and Asia beginning ca. 50 Ma, is the most salient topographic feature on Earth and is considered the archetype for understanding continental collision. Geophysical and geologic research has illuminated the modern structure and dynamics of the orogen (1). Nonetheless, how the relatively low relief and high elevation Tibetan plateau grew spatially and temporally and what underlying mechanism(s) drove the patterns of plateau growth remain outstanding questions.In the internally drained central Tibetan plateau, evidence from carbonate stable isotopes suggest that high elevations persisted since at least 25-35 Ma (2, 3). Sustained high elevations since shortly after collision commenced have also been used to explain low long-term erosion rates in the internally drained plateau interior (4-6). In contrast to the central plateau, the externally drained Tibetan plateau margins serve as the headwaters for many major river systems in Asia. Because externally drained rivers provide an erosive mechanism to destroy uplifted terrane, understanding why these rivers have not incised further and more deeply into the Tibetan plateau is essential to decipher how the plateau grew. Recent research in the eastern (7, 8) and northern (9) Tibetan plateau indicates that erosion rates have increased significantly since ∼10 Ma. These increases suggest that rock uplift rates have also increased and that the plateau has expanded to the e...

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The Andean-type Gangdese Mountains: Paleoelevation record from the Paleocene–Eocene Linzhou Basin

Cited by 389 publications

References 86 publications

Evaporation induced 18O and 13C enrichment in lake systems: A global perspective on hydrologic balance effects

Evaporation induced 18O and 13C enrichment in lake systems: A global perspective on hydrologic balance effects

Paleogene monsoons across India and South China: Drivers of biotic change

Erosion in southern Tibet shut down at ∼10 Ma due to enhanced rock uplift within the Himalaya

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