The anesthetic isoflurane decreases ionized calcium and increases parathyroid hormone and osteocalcin in cynomolgus monkeys

Hotchkiss, Charlotte E.; Brommage, Robert; Du, Minqun; Jerome, Christopher P.

doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(98)00124-0

Cited by 28 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…One possible explanation is a negative, stress response to daily handling and anesthesia. Isoflurane anesthesia has been shown to lower calcium ion concentration in serum and result in increased PTH and osteocalcin levels [39]. Although intermittent administration of PTH is anabolic, increased levels of PTH for more than 2 hours have detrimental effects on bone in rats [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constrained tibial vibration does not produce an anabolic bone response in adult mice

Christiansen¹,

Kotiya²,

Silva³

2009

Bone

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Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and increased fracture risk. High frequency, low-amplitude whole-body vibration (WBV) has been proposed as a treatment for osteoporosis because it can stimulate new bone formation and prevent trabecular bone loss. We developed constrained tibial vibration (CTV) as a method for controlled vibrational loading of the lower leg of a mouse. We first subjected mice to five weeks of daily CTV loading (0.5 G maximum acceleration) with loading parameters chosen to independently investigate the effects of strain magnitude, loading frequency, and cyclic acceleration on the adaptive response to vibration. We hypothesized that mice subjected to the highest magnitude of dynamic strain would have the largest bone formation response. We observed a slight, local benefit of CTV loading on trabecular bone, as BV/TV was 5.2% higher in the loaded vs. non-loaded tibia of mice loaded with the highest bone strain magnitude. However, despite these positive differences, we observed significantly lower measures of trabecular structure in both loaded and non-loaded tibias from CTV loaded mice compared to Sham and Baseline Control animals, indicating a negative systemic effect of CTV on trabecular bone. Based on this evidence, we conducted a follow-up study wherein mice were subjected to CTV or sham loading, and tibias were scanned at the beginning and end of the study period using in vivo microCT. Consistent with the findings of the first study, trabecular BV/TV in both tibias of CTV loaded and Sham mice was, on average, 36% and 31% lower on day 36 than day 0, respectively, compared to 20% lower in Age-Matched Controls over the same time period. Contrary to the first study, there were no differences between loaded and non-loaded tibias in CTV loaded mice, providing no evidence for a local benefit of CTV. In summary, 5 weeks of daily CTV loading of mice was, at best, weakly anabolic for trabecular bone in the proximal tibia, while daily handling and exposure to anesthesia was associated with significant loss of trabecular and cortical bone. We conclude that direct vibrational loading of bone in anesthetized, adult mice is not anabolic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constrained tibial vibration does not produce an anabolic bone response in adult mice

Christiansen¹,

Kotiya²,

Silva³

2009

Bone

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“…Concentrations of cortisol were determined in duplicate (Hotchkiss et al 1998) by using a commercially available EIA kit (Diagnostic Systems Laboratories, Inc., Webster, TX). Incubation was at 37°C, and absorbance was read at 450 nm.…”

Section: Cortisolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong relationships between mediators of the acute phase response and fatty liver in dairy cows

Ametaj¹,

Bradford²,

Bobe³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

156

126

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. 2005. Strong relationships between mediators of the acute phase response and fatty liver in dairy cows. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 85: [165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175]. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between activation of acute phase response and fatty liver in transition dairy cows. Fatty liver was induced in dairy cows by feeding 8 kg of cracked corn 1 mo before the expected day of parturition. Liver and blood samples were obtained at days -4, 3, 8, 12, 14, 22, 27, and 36 postpartum. Cows that developed fatty liver (n = 4) reached peak total lipids in the liver at day 12 postpartum with 11.4% (wet wt.) compared with 6.6% in control cows (n = 4). Cows with fatty liver had greater plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and lower lactate concentrations than did control cows at day -4. During highest concentrations of total lipids in the liver, for at least one time-point, fatty-liver cows had greater concentrations of plasma serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin, and NEFA and lower concentrations of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), cortisol, and TNF-α than did control cows. Concentrations of total lipids in the liver at 12 d postpartum were correlated (a) positively with plasma TNF-α, SAA, and NEFA and negatively with plasma CGRP before calving, (b) positively with plasma SAA, haptoglobin, and NEFA and negatively with plasma PGE 2 , CGRP, total cholesterol, and glucose at days 3, 8, and 12 postpartum, and (c) negatively with concentrations of plasma glucose, lactate, and total bilirubin after day 12 postpartum. In conclusion, this study indicates that the acute phase response occurs in cows with fatty liver as well as strong relationships between mediators of immune response and fatty liver. Mots clés: Réponse phase aiguë, foie gras, vaches laitièresFatty liver is a common metabolic disorder that affects almost half of all dairy cows immediately after parturition.Despite much progress in understanding metabolic events during the development of fatty liver, the precise mechanisms of the pathology remain unclear. The conventional view is that fatty liver is characterized by excess liver triacylglycerols (TAG) arising from a negative energy balance after parturition (Bauchart et al. 1998). The negative energy balance evokes a major mobilization of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) from adipose tissue and increased uptake of

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“…A regulatory role for pOC in extra-skeletal physiology was suggested by the stimulus specific alteration in pOC documented in humans (Fujita et al 1999;Napal et al 1993), monkeys (Hotchkiss et al 1998), and rodents (Fujita et al 1999;Hotchkiss et al 1998;Napal et al 1993;Patterson-Buckendahl et al 1995, 1988. These stimuli include those that also increase synthesis and secretion of glucocorticoids (cortisol or corticosterone; CS) and the catecholamine neurotransmitters norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (Epi).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Sensory Responses in Osteocalcin Null Mutant Mice Imply Neuropeptide Function

et al. 2012

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Osteocalcin, the most abundant member of the family of extracellular mineral binding gamma-carboxyglutamic acid proteins is synthesized primarily by osteoblasts. Its affinity for calcium ions is believed to limit bone mineralization. Several of the numerous hormones that regulate synthesis of osteocalcin, including glucocorticoids and parathyroid hormone, are also affected by stressful stimuli that require energy for an appropriate response. Based on our observations of OC responding to stressful sensory stimuli, the expression of OC in mouse and rat sensory ganglia was confirmed. It was thus hypothesized that the behavioral responses of the OC knockout mouse to stressful sensory stimuli would be abnormal. To test this hypothesis, behaviors related to sensory aspects of the stress response were quantified in nine groups of mice, aged 4-14 months, comparing knockout with their wild-type counterparts in six distinctly different behavioral tests. Resulting data indicated the following statistically significant differences: open field grooming frequency following saline injection, wild-type > knockout; paw stimulation with Von Frey fibers, knockout < wild-type; balance beam, knockout mobility < WT; thermal sensitivity to heat (tail flick), knockout < wild-type; and cold, knockout < wild-type. Insignificant differences in hanging wire test indicate that these responses are unrelated to reduced muscle strength. Each of these disparate environmental stimuli provided data indicating alterations of responses in knockout mice that suggest participation of osteocalcin in transmission of information about those sensory stimuli.

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The anesthetic isoflurane decreases ionized calcium and increases parathyroid hormone and osteocalcin in cynomolgus monkeys

Cited by 28 publications

References 38 publications

Constrained tibial vibration does not produce an anabolic bone response in adult mice

Constrained tibial vibration does not produce an anabolic bone response in adult mice

Strong relationships between mediators of the acute phase response and fatty liver in dairy cows

Decreased Sensory Responses in Osteocalcin Null Mutant Mice Imply Neuropeptide Function

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