The angiosuppressive effects of 20(R)- ginsenoside Rg3

Yue, Patrick Ying-Kit; Wong, Daisy Y.L.; Wu, Pui Kei; Leung, P. Y.; Mak, Nai Ki; Yeung, H.W.; Liu, L.; Cai, Zongwei; Jiang, Zhi Hong; Fan, Tai‐Ping; Wong, Ricky N S

doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2006.04.034

Cited by 186 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For example, nine repeated cycles of steaming, commonly used for Rehmannia root preparation, have been applied to ginseng to make black ginseng, which can increased ginsenoside Rg 3 in red ginseng. Ginsenoside Rg 3 is known for its neuroprotective, anti-anemic, and analgesic effects [7,8] and is being massproduced in China, where has been successfully commercialized as anti-cancer treatment agent [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Black Ginseng on Memory Improvement in the Amnesic Mice Induced by Scopolamine

Lee¹,

Yun²,

Liu³

et al. 2010

Journal of Ginseng Research

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:This study compared the effects of black, white, and red ginseng extracts (WGE, RGE, BGE, 200 mg/kg, p.o.) on learning and memory deficits associated with scopolamine treatment (SCOP, 2 mg/kg, i.p.). Tacrine (THA, 10 mg/kg, p.o.) was used as a positive control. Ginseng significantly reversed SCOP-induced memory impairment in the passiveavoidance test and also reduced escape latency in training trials of the Morris water maze test. The increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity produced by SCOP was significantly inhibited by WGE and RGE (p<0.001). SCOP administration had no effect on choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, but RGE and BGE significantly increased ChAT activity (p<0.05). SCOP administration increased oxidative damage in the brain. Treatment of amnesic mice with ginseng extracts decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and restored superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity to control levels. These results suggest that black ginseng enhances cognitive activity by regulation of cholinergic enzymes and antioxidant systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Black Ginseng on Memory Improvement in the Amnesic Mice Induced by Scopolamine

Lee¹,

Yun²,

Liu³

et al. 2010

Journal of Ginseng Research

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“…However, as their chemical and physical characteristics have been revealed, studies on individually active compounds have been attempted in various fields. Among those characteristics, anti-cancer activity of G-Rg3 has been reported to exhibit by the effects such as anti-proliferative effect to prostate cancer cells, 10) cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, anti-angiogenic effect, 17) the effects of combination therapy with cyclophophamide. 18,19) In 2000, G-Rg3 was introduced into the marketplace as an anticancer drug named 'Shenyi Capsule' and its pharmacological effects have been also proved both in laboratories 20,21) and clinics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody to Ginsenoside Rg3

Joo

Shin³

et al. 2009

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Ginseng and its extract have been used as one of the most popular traditional medicines for the promotion of general health in Eastern Asian countries for thousands of years. The pharmacological and therapeutic effects of ginseng have been reported to have anti-aging, anti-diabetics, anti-stress, maintenance of homeostasis, and to effect on central nervous system and immune function.1) As its extensive effectiveness and usefulness have been well-noticed, numerous researchers have investigated about its constituents, chemical and physical characteristics as well as its pharmacological activities and their mechanisms. The constituents of ginseng are identified as saponins called ginsenosides, phytosterols, peptides, polysaccharides, fatty acids, polyacetylenes, vitamins, and minerals. Among them, the main biological components are more than 60 kinds of ginsenosides that have been isolated from Panax genus. 2)There have been reports on the productions and applications of monoclonal antibodies to ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1), 3) G-Rg1, 4) and G-Rf 5) as well as polyclonal antibodies to GRg1 6) and G-Rf/G-Rg2. 7) They were developed to quantify or trace specific ginsenosides in the body fluids or in mixed ginseng extracts by immunoassay without cross reactivity.In this study, for the first time, we report the monoclonal antibody to G-Rg3. G-Rg3 is a type of protopanaxadiol having glucose (2→1) glucose attached at the C-3 hydroxyl group (Fig. 1). Both G-Rg3 and its metabolite G-Rh2 have already been sold as anti-cancer drugs in the Chinese and Taiwanese markets. 8) Although many researchers have revealed that G-Rg3 shows the effects such as anti-angiogenic activity, 9) anti-proliferative activity, 10) apoptosis 11) and protective actions to chemotherapy 12) both in vitro and in vivo, its mechanism has yet to be clearly established. Therefore, the proteins to 'give and take' the influences with G-Rg3 related to tumor inhibition draws attention to understand the mechanism of G-Rg3.Herein, we produce, purify and characterize monoclonal antibody to G-Rg3. In our investigation, we proved that the monoclonal antibody works specifically to G-Rg3, not G-Rh2. G-Rh2, having a glucose at the C-3 hydroxyl group, possesses very similar structure to G-Rg3 and also shows anticancer activity. Therefore, the monoclonal antibody to GRg3 is a very useful tool not only for the study in vitro and in vivo at the cellular level but also it would be a good immunological approach to quality control or quantitative determination of the mixed samples containing G-Rg3. MATERIALS AND METHODSPreparation of Ginsenosides G-Rg3 (Fig. 1A) was preparatively purified from the steamed ginseng extract by high speed counter current chromatography.13) G-Rh2 (Fig. 1B) and G-Rg2 (Fig. 1C) were purchased from Chengdu Cogon Bio-tech Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China).Synthesis of Antigen Conjugates Each ginsenosidebovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugate was synthesized by the previous method 7) with slight modification. After dissolving 4 mg NaIO 4 (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, U.S....

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“…Hamed Jafari Vayghan 1 , Sevda Saleh Ghadimi 1 , Ali Reza Nourazarian 2,3 * (Yue et al, 2006) 4-reduce inflammatory responses, (Oh GS et al, 2004;Kimura et al, 2006) According to previous studies ginseng can be beneficial in the treatment and prevention of colorectal cancer (Yun and Choi 1995;Yun et al, 2001;Yun 2003a). The aim of this study was to review relevant literature on ginseng effects on colorectal cancer.…”

Section: Preventive and Therapeutic Roles Of Ginseng -Focus On Colon mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive and Therapeutic Roles of Ginseng - Focus on Colon Cancer

Jafari‐Vayghan

Ghadimi²,

Nourazarian³

2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases all over the world. Early screening and start of chemotherapy is effective in decreasing mortality. This type of cancer can be controlled to some extent via a healthy diet rich in fruit and vegetables. Ginseng is a plant which has been consumed as a herbal medicine for thousands of years in Asian countries. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that this plant not only reduces the incidence of colorectal cancer, but also improves patient's status by enhancing the effects of chemotherapy drugs. However, further studies are needed to prove this relationship. We briefly review ginseng and its components such as ginsenosides reported anticancer effects and their mechanisms of action. Understanding these relationships may produce insights into chemical and pharmacological approaches for enhancing the chemo preventive effects of ginsenosides and for developing novel anticancer agents.

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The angiosuppressive effects of 20(R)- ginsenoside Rg3

Cited by 186 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of Black Ginseng on Memory Improvement in the Amnesic Mice Induced by Scopolamine

Effect of Black Ginseng on Memory Improvement in the Amnesic Mice Induced by Scopolamine

Generation and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody to Ginsenoside Rg3

Preventive and Therapeutic Roles of Ginseng - Focus on Colon Cancer

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