The Antagonism and Synergism of Histamine and Antihistamines in Mice

Ambrus, Julian L.; Packman, Elias W.; Rossi, G; Ambrus, Clara M.; Harrisson, Joseph W.E.; Levin, Shahaf

doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1952.tb13171.x

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…It was first developed to detect PTx activity in WCV vaccines but was subsequently used for ACV products in Japan, then the US and Europe [93]. It is based on the principle that mice are inherently resistant to histamine toxicity but become sensitive after exposure to PTx [93,94,95,96,97].…”

Section: Specific Tests For Ptx Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assays for Determining Pertussis Toxin Activity in Acellular Pertussis Vaccines

Markey

Asokanathan

Feavers

2019

Toxins

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Whooping cough is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. There are currently two types of vaccines that can prevent the disease; whole cell vaccines (WCV) and acellular vaccines (ACV). The main virulence factor produced by the organism is pertussis toxin (PTx). This toxin is responsible for many physiological effects on the host, but it is also immunogenic and in its detoxified form is the main component of all ACVs. In producing toxoid for vaccines, it is vital to achieve a balance between sufficiently detoxifying PTx to render it safe while maintaining enough molecular structure that it retains its protective immunogenicity. To ensure that the first part of this balancing act has been successfully achieved, assays are required to accurately measure residual PTx activity in ACV products accurately. Quality control assays are also required to ensure that the detoxification procedures are robust and stable. This manuscript reviews the methods that have been used to achieve this aim, or may have the potential to replace them, and highlights their continuing requirement as vaccines that induce a longer lasting immunity are developed to prevent the re-occurrence of outbreaks that have been observed recently.

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Section: Specific Tests For Ptx Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assays for Determining Pertussis Toxin Activity in Acellular Pertussis Vaccines

Markey

Asokanathan

Feavers

2019

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a previous study (4) it has been shown that regarding the toxic and body temperature decreasing effects of histamine in mice, antihistamines may be synergists, antagonists or may have no effect, depending on doses and ways of administration. In a previous study (4) it has been shown that regarding the toxic and body temperature decreasing effects of histamine in mice, antihistamines may be synergists, antagonists or may have no effect, depending on doses and ways of administration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%