The Anthropologies of Illness and Sickness

Young, Allan

doi:10.1146/annurev.an.11.100182.001353

Cited by 490 publications

(196 citation statements)

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“…Wie wenig und spät der Begriff Biomedizin in den deutschsprachigen Raum drang, lässt sich unter anderem daran ablesen, dass ihn Autoren naturheilkundlicher Alternativmedizin ab 1981 bis 1993 in Buchtiteln zu besetzen versuchten, zuletzt allerdings nur noch im Untertitel (Alexander/Zoubek 1981, [1982]1992, Leibold 1983 Nachdem der Begriff Biomedizin in Ethnologie und Ethnomedizin bei seiner Ü bernahme im deutschen Sprachraum zunächst wenig problematisiert worden war, erschien er wenig später vor allem denjenigen als zu grob, die zusätzlich zur kulturwissenschaftlichen Beschäftigung medizinisch ausgebildet waren. Die offenbare Vorannahme, dass damit ein ,,monolithischer Block'' sinnvoll beschrieben wäre, galt in entscheidender Hinsicht als fehlerhaft, weil sie die sehr unterschiedlichen Perspektiven einzelner medizinischer Fachgebiete (zum Beispiel ,,Psychosomatik, Epidemiologie, Medizinsoziologie oder Geschichte der Medizin'') und lokale Besonderheiten unberücksichtigt ließ (Lux 2003: 11, 23).…”

Section: Reifizierung: Biomedizin Als Gesundheitswesen System Und Trunclassified

‘Biomedicine’ in Anthropological Literature. The Career of a Concept between Analysis and Polemics

Bruchhausen

2010

N.T.M.

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'Biomedicine' in Anthropological Literature. The Career of a Concept between Analysis and Polemics During its career in North American social sciences and anthropology since the late 1960s the concept of 'biomedicine' acquired a large variety of meanings, sometimes even contradictory ones. Originating in research on biological and medical phenomena in technical areas like nuclear weapons, space flight, informatics or engineering, the term 'biomedical' entered politics and the social sciences, especially medical anthropology. Here it could mean medical research methods derived from biology as opposed to behavioural research or social sciences in general, the complex of Western health care in non-Western countries and the reductionism and alleged Cartesian dualism of its approach -the opposite of traditional, religious, holistic and psychic views and treatment of illness. Oscillating between the levels of anthropological research or analysis and of practical health care delivery, intra-and crosscultural perspectives and affirmative and critical attitudes the term has to be carefully considered in any reading of past and recent literature. The rather late German reception included replacing the term Schulmedizin born of older controversies on naturopathy, as well as naming the more somatic part of illness and medicine-as opposed to psychic or social aspects-and serving as the criticised object of many feminist and post-colonial studies on health.Keywords: concept of biomedicine, history of medical anthropology, critique of medicine, medical system, ethnomedicine Schlüsselwörter: Begriff der Biomedizin, Geschichte der Medizinethnologie, Medizinkritik, Medizinisches System, EthnomedizinHeute wird mit Biomedizin innerhalb der akademischen Medizin ein eher unscharf umschriebener Bereich von Forschung benannt, der sich vor allem molekularbiologischer Methoden und Modelle bedient. Demgegenüber war dieses Wort seit den späten 1970er Jahren in der nordamerikanischen medical anthropology 1 zum umfassenden Oberbegriff für (fast) alles geworden, was an Medizin mit staatlicher Förderung aus der westlichen Welt in andere Erdteile exportiert wird. Zugleich geriet es zum Kampfbegriff in der Kritik bestimmter Tendenzen der an den Naturwissenschaften orientierten Medizin. Diese folgenreiche fachpolitische Etablierung eines ursprünglich analytischen Begriffs mit ihren starken Bedeutungsvariationen erweist sich als aufschlussreich für

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Section: Reifizierung: Biomedizin Als Gesundheitswesen System Und Trunclassified

‘Biomedicine’ in Anthropological Literature. The Career of a Concept between Analysis and Polemics

Bruchhausen

2010

N.T.M.

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“…Mas, existe, também, o que pensamos ou cremos sobre a enfermidade, a maneira como a vivemos e as construções que fazemos sobre esta realidade; a isto tem-se denominado ilness (Kleimann, 1978;Young, 1982;Field, 1978).…”

Section: Métodos Antropométricosunclassified

Epidemiologia: contextos e pluralidade

Veras¹,

Barreto²,

Almeida-Filho³

et al. 1998

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“…Scholars from several scientifi c fi elds have emphasized the need for theoretical work on the health concept as a crucial effort to promote effective interventions in concrete health-disease situations. 35,39,40,[54][55][56]75,76 Time seems ripe for evaluations of philosophical, scientifi c, political and pragmatic implications of the health concept, as a key topic in contemporary research agendas. Unfortunately, since Canguilhem's 29 and Dubo's 37 classical contributions to pathological and ecological models of disease, not enough investment, institutional and intellectual, has been devoted to theorizing about health-disease phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Unified Theory of Health-Disease: I. Health as a complex model-object

Almeida-Filho¹

2013

Rev. Saúde Pública

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Theory building is one of the most crucial challenges faced by basic, clinical and population research, which form the scientifi c foundations of health practices in contemporary societies. The objective of the study is to propose a Unifi ed Theory of Health-Disease as a conceptual tool for modeling health-disease-care in the light of complexity approaches. With this aim, the epistemological basis of theoretical work in the health fi eld and concepts related to complexity theory as concerned to health problems are discussed. Secondly, the concepts of modelobject, multi-planes of occurrence, modes of health and disease-illness-sickness complex are introduced and integrated into a unifi ed theoretical framework. Finally, in the light of recent epistemological developments, the concept of Health-Disease-Care Integrals is updated as a complex reference object fi t for modeling health-related processes and phenomena. DESCRIPTORS: RESUMOA elaboração de teorias constitui um dos desafi os mais cruciais enfrentados pela pesquisa básica, clínica e populacional que forma as bases científi cas das práticas de saúde nas sociedades contemporâneas. O objetivo deste estudo é propor uma teoria unifi cada da saúde-doença como ferramenta conceitual para a modelagem da saúde-doença-cuidado à luz de abordagens da complexidade. Discute-se a base epistemológica do trabalho teórico no campo da saúde bem como conceitos relacionados à teoria da complexidade aplicada a problemas de saúde. Em segundo lugar, os conceitos de objeto-modelo, multi-planos de ocorrência, modos de saúde e complexo doença-enfermidade-moléstia são introduzidos e integrados numa estrutura teórica unifi cada. Finalmente, à luz de desenvolvimentos epistemológicos recentes, atualiza-se o conceito de integrais de saúde-doença-cuidado como um complexo objeto de referência ajustado para a modelagem de processos e fenômenos relacionados com a saúde.DESCRITORES: Modelos Teóricos. Processo Saúde-Doença. Assistência Integral à Saúde.

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The Anthropologies of Illness and Sickness

Cited by 490 publications

References 53 publications

‘Biomedicine’ in Anthropological Literature. The Career of a Concept between Analysis and Polemics

‘Biomedicine’ in Anthropological Literature. The Career of a Concept between Analysis and Polemics

Epidemiologia: contextos e pluralidade

Towards a Unified Theory of Health-Disease: I. Health as a complex model-object

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