The anti-cancer effect of amygdalin on human cancer cell lines

Arshi, Asghar; Hosseini, Sayed Mostafa; Hosseini, Fataneh Saleh Khaje; Amiri, Zahra Yousefnejad; Hosseini, Fatemeh Sadat; Lavasani, Mahsa Sheikholia; Kerdarian, Hossein; Dehkordi, Maryam Safarpour

doi:10.1007/s11033-019-04656-3

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, cyanogenic compounds play crucial roles in the organization of the chemical defense system in plants and in plant–insect interactions [ 57 ]. Amygdalin is one of these compounds and recent studies have shown that it has anti-cancer effects [ 58 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral Content and Volatile Profiling of Prunus avium L. (Sweet Cherry) By-Products from Fundão Region (Portugal)

Nunes

Gonçalves

Pinto

et al. 2022

Foods

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Large amounts of Prunus avium L. by-products result from sweet cherry production and processing. This work aimed to evaluate the mineral content and volatile profiling of the cherry stems, leaves, and flowers of the Saco cultivar collected from the Fundão region (Portugal). A total of 18 minerals were determined by ICP-MS, namely 8 essential and 10 non-essential elements. Phosphorus (P) was the most abundant mineral, while lithium (Li) was detected in trace amounts. Three different preparations were used in this work to determine volatiles: hydroethanolic extracts, crude extracts, and aqueous infusions. A total of 117 volatile compounds were identified using HS-SPME/GC-MS, distributed among different chemical classes: 31 aldehydes, 14 alcohols, 16 ketones, 30 esters, 4 acids, 4 monoterpenes, 3 norisoprenoids, 4 hydrocarbons, 7 heterocyclics, 1 lactone, 1 phenol, and 2 phenylpropenes. Benzaldehyde, 4-methyl-benzaldehyde, hexanal, lilac aldehyde, and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one were the major volatile compounds. Differences in the types of volatiles and their respective amounts in the different extracts were found. This is the first study that describes the mineral and volatile composition of Portuguese sweet cherry by-products, demonstrating that they could have great potential as nutraceutical ingredients and natural flavoring agents to be used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral Content and Volatile Profiling of Prunus avium L. (Sweet Cherry) By-Products from Fundão Region (Portugal)

Nunes

Gonçalves

Pinto

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…Amygdalin treatment increased expression of Bax, decreased expression of Bcl-2 and induced caspase-3 activation in human DU145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells [9], induced apoptosis of HeLa cervical cancer cells mediated by endogenous mitochondrial pathway [39] and reduced adhesion and migration of UMUC-3 and RT112 bladder cancer cells through activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and modulation of β1 integrin [40]. Amygdalin has also the ability to inhibit anti-apoptotic expression of genes including Survivin, and XIAP genes [13]. Other biological activities of amygdalin have also been demonstrated and they include antibacterial [41][42][43], antioxidant [44,45], anti-atherosclerotic [46], anti-asthmatic [47], preventing lung [48] and liver fibrosis [49].…”

Section: The Anticancer and Other Biological Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, NMR spectroscopy was used for additional structural characteristics of amygdalin. The 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR nuclear resonances of amygdalin diluted in DMSO-d 6 was performed [73]. A summary of the recent literature on analytical procedures for determination of amygdalin in seed samples is summarized in Table 5.…”

Section: Analytical Techniques For Plant Seeds Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anticancer activity of amygdalin is thought to be related to the cytotoxic effects of enzymatically released HCN and non-hydrolyzed cyanogenic glycosides [12]. Laetrile (D-Mandelonitrile-β-glucuronide), which is derived from amygdalin, has been used as a complementary and alternative natural medicine (CAM) in the treatment of cancer for over 30 years [13] (Figure 1b). Studies of amygdalin on various cancer cell lines demonstrated their anticancer activity [14], but the statements related to a patient study, made by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the late 1970s [15] did not confirm this.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amygdalin: Toxicity, Anticancer Activity and Analytical Procedures for Its Determination in Plant Seeds

et al. 2021

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Amygdalin (d-Mandelonitrile 6-O-β-d-glucosido-β-d-glucoside) is a natural cyanogenic glycoside occurring in the seeds of some edible plants, such as bitter almonds and peaches. It is a medically interesting but controversial compound as it has anticancer activity on one hand and can be toxic via enzymatic degradation and production of hydrogen cyanide on the other hand. Despite numerous contributions on cancer cell lines, the clinical evidence for the anticancer activity of amygdalin is not fully confirmed. Moreover, high dose exposures to amygdalin can produce cyanide toxicity. The aim of this review is to present the current state of knowledge on the sources, toxicity and anticancer properties of amygdalin, and analytical methods for its determination in plant seeds.

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“…Years of research on the effects of amygdalin have demonstrated its wide range of properties, including its supportive function in the treatment of asthma, bronchitis, leprosy, or colorectal cancer. Amygdalin is also characterized by analgesic effects in which benzaldehyde is an important component [ 14 , 17 , 18 ]. The anticancer activity of amygdalin is still controversial and has been the subject of much research.…”

Section: Amygdalinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation, It’s Regulation and Antiphlogistic Effect of the Cyanogenic Glycoside Amygdalin

et al. 2021

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The inflammatory reaction accompanies in part or in full any disease process in the vascularized metazoan. This complicated reaction is controlled by regulatory mechanisms, some of which produce unpleasant symptomatic manifestations of inflammation. Therefore, there has been an effort to develop selective drugs aimed at removing pain, fever, or swelling. Gradually, however, serious adverse side effects of such inhibitors became apparent. Scientific research has therefore continued to explore new possibilities, including naturally available substances. Amygdalin is a cyanogenic glycoside present, e.g., in bitter almonds. This glycoside has already sparked many discussions among scientists, especially about its anticancer potential and related toxic cyanides. However, toxicity at different doses made it generally unacceptable. Although amygdalin given at the correct oral dose may not lead to poisoning, it has not yet been accurately quantified, as its action is often affected by different intestinal microbial consortia. Its pharmacological activities have been studied, but its effects on the body’s inflammatory response are lacking. This review discusses the chemical structure, toxicity, and current knowledge of the molecular mechanism of amygdalin activity on immune functions, including the anti-inflammatory effect, but also discusses inflammation as such, its mediators with diverse functions, which are usually targeted by drugs.

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The anti-cancer effect of amygdalin on human cancer cell lines

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Mineral Content and Volatile Profiling of Prunus avium L. (Sweet Cherry) By-Products from Fundão Region (Portugal)

Mineral Content and Volatile Profiling of Prunus avium L. (Sweet Cherry) By-Products from Fundão Region (Portugal)

Amygdalin: Toxicity, Anticancer Activity and Analytical Procedures for Its Determination in Plant Seeds

Inflammation, It’s Regulation and Antiphlogistic Effect of the Cyanogenic Glycoside Amygdalin

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