The Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Sodium Propionate

Filippone, Alessia; Lanza, Marika; Campolo, Michela; Casili, Giovanna; Paterniti, Irene; Cuzzocrea, Salvatore; Esposito, Emanuela

doi:10.3390/ijms21083026

Cited by 50 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The gradual loss of total antioxidant protection resulted from the disrupted fermentative activity with the regular consumption of stevioside. Thus, decreased production was correlated with decreased total antioxidant status, demonstrated in previous studies [ 41 ]. The accumulation of toxic molecules due to the dysbiotic status determined a decreasing antioxidant reaction characteristic of the presence of nitrite.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

In Vitro Modulatory Effect of Stevioside, as a Partial Sugar Replacer in Sweeteners, on Human Child Microbiota

2021

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The effect of stevioside on human health is still insufficiently highlighted by recent research. The total or partial replacement of sugar with sweeteners influences the general state of health, especially the human microbiota’s response as a determining factor in the onset of type 2 diabetes. The present study aimed to present the long-term (one-year) in vitro effect that regular stevioside consumption had on children’s pattern microbiota. A metabolomic response was established by determining the synthesis of organic acids and a correlation with antioxidant status. An increase in the number of bacterial strains and the variation of amount of butyrate and propionate to the detriment of lactic acid was observed. The effect was evidenced by the progressive pH increasing, the reduction of acetic acid, and the proliferation of Escherichia coli strains during the simulations. Synthesis of the main short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was interpreted as a response (adaptation) of the microbiota to the stevioside, without a corresponding increase in antioxidant status. This study demonstrated the modulatory role of stevioside on the human microbiota and on the fermentation processes that determine the essential SCFA synthesis in maintaining homeostasis. The protection of the microbiota against oxidative stress was also an essential aspect of reducing microbial diversity.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

In Vitro Modulatory Effect of Stevioside, as a Partial Sugar Replacer in Sweeteners, on Human Child Microbiota

2021

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“…It suppresses the growth of mold and bacteria and maintains the quality of food. Sodium propionate suppresses LPS-induced upregulation of COX-2 and inducible NOS via the NF-κB pathway [62]. Furthermore, sodium propionate enhances anti-oxidant enzyme production such as MnSOD and HO-1 following H 2 O 2 stimulation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, sodium propionate enhances anti-oxidant enzyme production such as MnSOD and HO-1 following H 2 O 2 stimulation. In animal models, sodium propionate reduced superoxide anion-induced inflammation, tissue damage, and pain [62]. Sodium propionate may be an effective strategy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects [62].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonhormonal Treatment for Endometriosis Focusing on Redox Imbalance

Nagayasu

Imanaka

Kimura

et al. 2021

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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The aim of this review is to investigate the oxidant/antioxidant status and its regulatory mechanisms in patients with endometriosis and to summarize the antioxidant therapy as an alternative to hormonal therapy for endometriosis. Each keyword alone or in combination was used to search from PubMed and Embase by applying the filters of the title and the publication years between January 2000 and March 2020. Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by repeated episodes of hemorrhage. Methemoglobin in repeated hemorrhage produces large amounts of superoxide anion via the autoxidation of hemoglobin. Excessive free-radical production causes redox imbalance, leading to inadequate antioxidant defenses and damage to endometrial cells, but may contribute to endometrial cell growth and survival through activation of various signaling pathways. In addition, to overcome excessive oxidative stress, estradiol participates in the induction of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase in mitochondria. Several antioxidants that suppress free radicals may be effective in endometriosis-related pain. We searched for 23 compounds and natural substances that could reduce the pain caused by superoxide/reactive oxygen species in basic research and animal models. Next, we built a list of 16 drugs that were suggested to be effective against endometriosis other than hormone therapy in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Of the 23 and 16 drugs, 4 overlapping drugs could be potential candidates for clinically reducing endometriosis-related pain caused by superoxide anion/reactive oxygen species. These drugs include polyphenols (resveratrol and polydatin), dopamine agonists (cabergoline), and statins (simvastatin). However, no randomized controlled trials have evaluated the efficacy of these drugs. In conclusion, this review summarizes the following 2 points: superoxide anion generation by methemoglobin is enhanced in endometriosis, resulting in redox imbalance; and some compounds and natural substances that can suppress free radicals may be effective in endometriosis-related pain. Further randomized clinical trials based on larger series are mandatory to confirm the promising role of antioxidants in the nonhormonal management of endometriosis.

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“… 6 Meanwhile, propionate has been described to possess potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. 7 It has been reported that propionate normalized the increased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced by high-fat diet and alleviated its induced endotoxaemia. 8 In addition, propionate protected against LPS-induced mastitis in mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium Propionate Enhances Nrf2-Mediated Protective Defense Against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neonatal Mice

Chen¹,

Gao²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

JIR

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Background Alveolar arrest and the impaired angiogenesis caused by chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are two main factors in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially propionate, possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study was designed to examine the roles of sodium propionate (SP) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged BPD and its potential mechanisms. Methods WT, Nrf2 -/- mice and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) were used in this study. LPS was performed to mimic BPD model both in vivo and vitro. Lung histopathology, inflammation and oxidative stress-related mRNA expressions in lungs involved in BPD pathogenesis were investigated. In addition, cell viability and angiogenesis were also tested. Results The increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and decreased Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap-1) expressions were observed after SP treatment in the LPS-induced neonatal mouse model of BPD. In LPS-induced wild-type but not Nrf2 -/- neonatal mice, SP reduced pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress and exhibited obvious pathological alterations of the alveoli. Moreover, in LPS-evoked HPMECs, SP accelerated Nrf2 nuclear translocation presented and exhibited cytoprotective and pro-angiogenesis effects. In addition, SP diminished the LPS-induced inflammatory response by blocking the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B pathway. Moreover, pretreatment with ML385, an Nrf2 specific inhibitor, offsets the beneficial effects of SP on inflammation, oxidative stress and angiogenesis in LPS-evoked HPMECs. Conclusion SP protects against LPS-induced lung alveolar simplification and abnormal angiogenesis in neonatal mice and HPMECs in an Nrf2-dependent manner.

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The Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Sodium Propionate

Cited by 50 publications

References 31 publications

In Vitro Modulatory Effect of Stevioside, as a Partial Sugar Replacer in Sweeteners, on Human Child Microbiota

In Vitro Modulatory Effect of Stevioside, as a Partial Sugar Replacer in Sweeteners, on Human Child Microbiota

Nonhormonal Treatment for Endometriosis Focusing on Redox Imbalance

Sodium Propionate Enhances Nrf2-Mediated Protective Defense Against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neonatal Mice

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