The Anti-Inflammatory Effect from Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 of Extracts of Hydrangea serrata Seringe

Abstract

This study was undertaken to confirm the antioxidant effects (electron donating ability (EDA) and ABTS radical scavenging ability) of the water (HSW) and ethanol (HSE) extracts of Hydrangea serrata Seringe on the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and mitogen activating protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation, in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Results of the EDA test reveal that at 500 µg/mL, HSW demonstrates a good DPPH radical scavenging ability greater than 81.71%, whereas HSE demonstrates a scavenging ability greater than 89.56%. Evaluating the scavenging activity of ABTS radicals revealed that at 500 µg/mL, both HSW and HSE show superior scavenging activities of 99.4% and 96.1%, respectively. Determining the anti-inflammatory response showed that exposure to both HSW and HSE reduces the NO production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, as compared to the group treated only with LPS. Moreover, exposure to both HSW and HSE resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 protein expressions. It was further confirmed that phosphorylation in the signaling pathway of MAPK was also significantly inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. Since inhibition of MAPK phosphorylation inhibits iNOS and COX-2, which subsequently induces the expression of NO, our results indicate that extracts of Hydrangea serrata Seringe inhibit and regulate the production of inflammation-related factors. There are few reports on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Hydrangea serrata Seringe extracts. Therefore, considering the data obtained in the current study, we propose that Hydrangea serrata Seringe extracts have the potential to be used as useful anti-inflammatory materials in foods and cosmetics.

Hydrangea serrata Hot Water Extract and Its Major Ingredient Hydrangenol Improve Skin Moisturization and Wrinkle Conditions via AP-1 and Akt/PI3K Pathway Upregulation

“…It has been used for tea because of its sweet taste. Previous studies demonstrated the anti-obesity effects, muscle synthesis effects, and anti-photoaging effects of H. serrata [39][40][41][42][43]. We investigated the skin improvement potential of a Hs-WE.…”

“…Of these, hydrangenol was found to display anti-allergic, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anti-angiogenic effects as one of the natural dihydroisocoumarins [34][35][36][37][38]. Moreover, the effects of Hydrangea serrata hot water extract have also been researched including their anti-inflammation activity, anti-aging effect, anti-obesity activity, and ability to aid in muscle synthesis [39][40][41][42][43]. However, there is no study about intrinsic aging; through our study, we investigated the skin moisturizing and anti-wrinkle potential of Hydrangea serrata extracts.…”