The antigenotoxic activities of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) cladodes against the mycotoxin zearalenone in Balb/c mice: Prevention of micronuclei, chromosome aberrations and DNA fragmentation

Zorgui, Lazhar; Ayed-Boussema, Imen; Ayed, Yosra; Bacha, Hassen; Hassen, Wafa

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2008.12.031

Cited by 55 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Simultaneous treatment of mice with AFB1 and CCE showed a significant restoration of DNA integrity (Figure 6). These results are in accordance with our recently published report involving preventive effect of CCE against genotoxicity induced by single intraperitonial treatment by the mycotoxin ZEN [28]. The protection, afforded by CCE against AFB1 genotoxicity is likely due to its ability to inhibit oxidative process induced by the mycotoxin AFB1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In this work we evaluated the effect of CCE 50 mg/kg b.w tested in Balb/c by monitoring its effects on oxidative stress, genotoxicity and cell death pathway induced by sub-chronic treatment by AFB. We have chosen this dose based on previous reports which have proved its efficiency on preventing toxicity induced by the mycotoxin zearalenone [28]. Exposure to low levels of aflatoxins is one of the major risk factors in the etiology of human hepatocellular carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These fruits have shown several effect such as antiulcerogenic [23], antioxidant [23-25], anticancer [26] and hepatoprotective activities [27]. Different parts of Opuntia ficus-indica are used in the traditional medicine of several countries: the cladodes are utilized for treatment of ulcers, rheumatic pain, wounds, fatigue; in addition, in our laboratory a recent study showed the potential antigenotoxic activities of cactus cladodes against single dose of the mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEN), a potent estrogenic metabolite [28]. These data have made cactus pear fruits and cladodes perfect candidates for cytoprotective investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemopreventive effect of cactus Opuntia ficus indica on oxidative stress and genotoxicity of aflatoxin B1

Brahmi

Bouaziz²,

Ayed³

et al. 2011

Nutr Metab (Lond)

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BackgroundAflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic agent. In aflatoxicosis, oxidative stress is a common mechanism contributing to initiation and progression of hepatic damage. The aim of this work was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of cactus cladode extract (CCE) on aflatoxin B1-induced liver damage in mice by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) level, the protein carbonyls generation and the heat shock proteins Hsp 70 and Hsp 27 expressions in liver. We also looked for an eventual protective effect against AFB1-induced genotoxicity as determined by chromosome aberrations test, SOS Chromotest and DNA fragmentation assay. We further evaluated the modulation of p53, bax and bcl2 protein expressions in liver.MethodsAdult, healthy balbC (20-25 g) male mice were pre-treated by intraperitonial administration of CCE (50 mg/Kg.b.w) for 2 weeks. Control animals were treated 3 days a week for 4 weeks by intraperitonial administration of 250 μg/Kg.b.w AFB1. Animals treated by AFB1 and CCE were divided into two groups: the first group was administrated CCE 2 hours before each treatment with AFB1 3 days a week for 4 weeks. The second group was administrated without pre-treatment with CCE but this extract was administrated 24 hours after each treatment with AFB1 3 days a week for 4 weeks.ResultsOur results clearly showed that AFB1 induced significant alterations in oxidative stress markers. In addition, it has a genotoxic potential and it increased the expression of pro apoptotic proteins p53 and bax and decreased the expression of bcl2. The treatment of CCE before or after treatment with AFB1, showed (i) a total reduction of AFB1 induced oxidative damage markers, (ii) an anti-genotoxic effect resulting in an efficient prevention of chromosomal aberrations and DNA fragmentation compared to the group treated with AFB1 alone (iii) restriction of the effect of AFB1 by differential modulation of the expression of p53 which decreased as well as its associated genes such as bax and bcl2.ConclusionWe concluded that CCE might have a hepatoprotective effect against aflatoxicosis in mice, probably acting by promoting the antioxidant defence systems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemopreventive effect of cactus Opuntia ficus indica on oxidative stress and genotoxicity of aflatoxin B1

Brahmi

Bouaziz²,

Ayed³

et al. 2011

Nutr Metab (Lond)

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“…Cactus pears are sweet edible fruits from the cactus ( Opuntia spp.) that belong to the Cactaceae family [19]. These fruits have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases [20] and contain a wide variety of trace elements, sugars and other bioactive compounds, such as betalains, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, flavonoids and other phenolic compounds [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatoprotective Effect of Opuntia robusta and Opuntia streptacantha Fruits against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Damage

et al. 2016

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Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver failure (ALF) is a serious health problem in developed countries. N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), the current therapy for APAP-induced ALF, is not always effective, and liver transplantation is often needed. Opuntia spp. fruits are an important source of nutrients and contain high levels of bioactive compounds, including antioxidants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Opuntia robusta and Opuntia streptacantha extracts against APAP-induced ALF. In addition, we analyzed the antioxidant activities of these extracts. Fruit extracts (800 mg/kg/day, orally) were given prophylactically to male Wistar rats before intoxication with APAP (500 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Rat hepatocyte cultures were exposed to 20 mmol/L APAP, and necrosis was assessed by LDH leakage. Opuntia robusta had significantly higher levels of antioxidants than Opuntia streptacantha. Both extracts significantly attenuated APAP-induced injury markers AST, ALT and ALP and improved liver histology. The Opuntia extracts reversed APAP-induced depletion of liver GSH and glycogen stores. In cultured hepatocytes, Opuntia extracts significantly reduced leakage of LDH and cell necrosis, both prophylactically and therapeutically. Both extracts appeared to be superior to NAC when used therapeutically. We conclude that Opuntia extracts are hepatoprotective and can be used as a nutraceutical to prevent ALF.

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“…93 ZEN ve metabolitlerinin DNA katım ürünleri ve DNA lezyonları-nın oluşumunu artırdığı, mikroçekirdek ve DNA hata oluşum sıklığını artırdığı in vivo (fare kemik iliği hücreleri) ve in vitro (Çin hamster ovaryum hücreleri, Vero, DOK ve Caco-2 hücreleri) birçok çalışmada rapor edilmiştir. 88,[94][95][96][97] ZEN ve metabolitlerinin genotoksik etkilerinin, kromozom aberasyon testi ile karşılaştırıldığı bir diğer araş-tırmada; ZEN ve α-zearelenol (ZOL)'un β-ZOL'ye göre daha fazla DNA hasarına neden olduğu in vivo (Balb/c fareleri) ve in vitro (İnsan servikal karsinoma hücreleri, HeLa) olarak gösterilmiştir. 98 ZEN ve metabolitlerinin (α-ZOL ve β-ZOL) insan meme bezlerinde östrojen reseptörlerini uyardığı, çeşitli proteinlerin ekspresyonunu düzenleyerek apoptozu inhibe ettiği ve meme karsinoma hücreleri-nin (MCFF-7) proliferasyonunu artırdığına ilişkin çalışmalar mevcut olsa da IARC tarafından Grup III karsinojen olarak listelenmiştir.…”

Section: Zearalenonlarunclassified

Genotoxic Effects of Mycotoxins: Review

Beci̇t¹,

Aydın²,

Baydar³

2017

Turkiye Klinikleri J Pharm Sci

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senobiyotiklere maruziyet sonucunda DNA'da meydana gelen kalıcı değişikliklere "mutasyon" denir. Mutasyon, genotoksik etkinin nihai bir sonucudur. DNA molekülünde oluşan başlıca primer DNA hasarları; DNA sarmalındaki tek ve çift iplik kırıklarını, DNA bazları ve proTurkiye Klinikleri J Pharm Sci 2017;6(2):59-76 59Mikotoksinlerin Genotoksik Etkileri Ö ÖZ ZE ET T Mikotoksinler, hem insan ve hayvan sağlığına olumsuz etkilere hem de ciddi ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaları açısından önemli riskler taşımaktadır. Mikotoksinlere maruziyet, asıl olarak kontamine yem ve gıdaların tüketilmesi ile olup, inhalasyon veya dermal yolla da temas söz konusu olabilmektedir. Mikotoksinler insan sağlığı üzerinde karaciğer, böbrek, bağışıklık, üreme ve gelişme sistemi gibi birçok organ ve sistemi olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmekte, düşük doz ancak kronik maruziyetlerinde özellikle genotoksik ve karsinojenik etkileri ile kansere yol açabilmektedir. Gı-dalarda önemli risk oluşturan mikotoksinler arasında Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium ve Alternaria türlerinin oluşturduğu metabolitler yer almaktadır. Bu metabolitler arasında aflatoksinler, okratoksinler, zearalenon, trikotesenler, fusarium ve yeni keşfedilen fusarium mikotoksinler, patulin, alternaria toksinleri ve ergot alkaloitleri yer almaktadır. Günümüzde bazı mikotoksinlerin genotoksik olduğu artık bilinmektedir. Mikotoksinlerin genotoksik etki mekanizmalarına yönelik araştırmalar halen devam etmektedir. Her ne kadar in vitro çalışmalarda bazı mikotoksinlerin genotoksik etkileri gösterilmiş olsa da bu etkilerin in vivo koşullarla desteklenmesi, etki mekanizmalarının aydınlatılması ve epidemiyolojik çalışmalarla daha ileri değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu derleme makalesinde, ekonomik kayıplara yol açan, toplum ve hayvan sağlığı için riskleri olan ve gıda kirleticileri olarak sık karşılaşılan mikotoksinlerin neden olduğu genetik hasarlardan ve bu hasarın olası mekanizmalarından bahsedilecektir.A An na ah h t ta ar r K Ke e l li i m me e l le er r: : Aflatoksinler; mutajenler; okratoksinler; mikotoksinler; patulin; mutajenlik testleri; fusarium; alternaria; ergotamin A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T Mycotoxins have significant risks in terms of their adverse effects on human and animal health and causing serious economic losses. Exposure to mycotoxins is primarily through the consumption of contaminant feed and food, which may be through the inhalation or dermal route. Mycotoxins can adversely affect many organs and systems such as liver, kidney, immune system, reproductive and developmental system on human health. In low dose but chronic exposures, especially it can cause cancer with genotoxic and carcinogenic effects. Mycotoxins reveal significant risks in terms of both adverse effects on human and animal health and serious economic loss. Mycotoxins, which have significant risks in food, include metabolites of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium and Alternaria species, These metabolites include aflatoxins, ochratoxins, zearalenone, tricothecenes, fusarium and emerged fusarium mycotoxins...

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The antigenotoxic activities of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) cladodes against the mycotoxin zearalenone in Balb/c mice: Prevention of micronuclei, chromosome aberrations and DNA fragmentation

Cited by 55 publications

References 36 publications

Chemopreventive effect of cactus Opuntia ficus indica on oxidative stress and genotoxicity of aflatoxin B1

Chemopreventive effect of cactus Opuntia ficus indica on oxidative stress and genotoxicity of aflatoxin B1

Hepatoprotective Effect of Opuntia robusta and Opuntia streptacantha Fruits against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Damage

Genotoxic Effects of Mycotoxins: Review

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