The antimammary tumor effects of ethanolic extract of propolis from Adamawa region (Cameroon) are by apoptosis via reactive oxygen species‐mediated mitochondrial pathway

Abstract

Identification of novel natural treatment to combat cancer is a current need. This study was aimed at assessing the anticancer effects of ethanol‐extracted Cameroonian propolis (EEP). The antitumor effect of EPP was evaluated in vitro by measuring; cell viability, cell cycle, cell death mechanism, cell migration/invasion, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial potential (ΔΨm), caspase activity, and apoptosis‐regulating proteins (Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐XL) in cell lines. In vivo, the effect of EEP against 7,12 dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)‐induced breast tumorigenesis in rats was assessed. EEP was found to induce cytotoxicity against ER negative MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells by activating apoptosis through ROS‐mediated mitochondrial pathway. The extract equally triggered caspase‐3 and caspase‐9, increment of ROS level, disruption of ΔΨm and down‐regulation of Bcl‐XL and Bcl‐2 proteins. Besides, EPP prevented migration and invasion activities by inhibiting MMP‐2 activity. At all doses it prevented breast tumor incidence (20% in EEP 150 mg/kg vs 70% in DMBA) as well as tumor burden. Tumor sections from EEP‐treated rats showed middle proliferation of mammary ducts with weak inflammatory responses. In summary, Cameroonian propolis exhibited antimammary tumor effects via the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis.

Ethanol-Extracted Cameroonian Propolis Counteracts Tamoxifen-Induced Endometrial Hyperplasia by Modulating Apoptosis and Proliferation-Regulating Proteins in the Ovaries of Intact Wistar Rats

“…e ethanolic extract of Cameroonian propolis (EECP) was prepared as described in our previous work which was in accordance with other works [14,16,17,20]. Briefly, 120 g of propolis was dried in a shade, ground, and soaked in 600 mL hydroethanol (70 : 30) for 24 h at ambient temperature.…”

“…Previous studies have reported that Cameroonian propolis has antioxidant [14], antibacterial [15], and estrogenic properties [16]. In addition to these properties, the ethanolic extract of Cameroonian propolis, just like propolis from other parts of the world, has recently been shown to have chemopreventive effects against breast cancer induced in rats in comparison to tamoxifen [17][18][19][20]. It seemed interesting to us to look at its possible protective effect on the endometrium in patients taking tamoxifen.…”

LCT-3d Induces Oxidative Stress-Mediated Apoptosis by Upregulating Death Receptor 5 in Gastric Cancer Cells

“…The cells pretreated with NAC for 1 h blocked the production of ROS and prevented the upregulation of DR5, as well as mitochondria JNK-CHOP pathway (18). ROS triggered apoptosis by activating death receptors and the mitochondria pathway (19,20). Mechanistically, the data demonstrated that LCT-3d induced gastric cell apoptosis through DR5-mediated mitochondrial pathway.…”

A comparative study of the ability of recombinant oncolytic adenovirus, doxorubicin and tamoxifen to inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells

“…Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERTp) acts as a specific promoter in tumour cells and can trigger the replication or expression of certain genes (e.g. E1A and Apoptin ) in tumour cells 23,24 …”

“…E1A and Apoptin) in tumour cells. 23,24 The establishment of luciferase-labelled animal tumour models provides us with the ability to monitor the proliferation and metastasis of cells in different tumour models in real time, thus allowing us to detect subtle physiological changes over time in small animals. A previous study by Zhang et al in 2020 showed that when compared with cisplatin, a new oncolytic adenovirus (Ad-TD-nsIL12), carrying human non-secretory IL-12, significantly inhibited tumour cell growth and tumour angiogenesis and improved the survival rate of experimental animals but without any notable side effects.…”