The antioxidant enzymatic blood profile in Alzheimer's and vascular diseases. Their association and a possible assay to differentiate demented subjects and controls

Lipid Peroxidation: Chemical Mechanism, Biological Implications and Analytical Determination

“…Previous results indicate that lipid peroxidation has a role in the pathogenesis of several pathologies as neurodegenerative (Dominguez et al, 2008;Famulari et al, 1996;Fiszman et al, 2003), inflammatory (Farooqui & Farooqui, 2011), infectious , gastric and nutritional diseases (Repetto et al, 2010b).…”

“…The mechanism of lipid peroxidation in biological systems caused by free radicals has been the focus of scientific interest for many years (Chance et al, 1976;Fridovich  Porter, 1981;Fraga et al, 1988;Gonzalez-Flecha et al, 1991a, 1991bFamulari et al, 1996;Fiszman et al, 2003;Junqueira et al, 2004;Catala, 2006;Dianzani  Barrera, 2008;Dominguez et al, 2008;Repetto, 2008;Repetto et al, 2010b). Currently, it is known that the OH .…”

“…The increase of tert-butyl hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence is indicative that -tocopherol is the antioxidant consumed in erythrocytes and suggest that reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation catalyzed by reduced transition metals may be responsible for the onset of oxidative damage and the occurrence of systemic oxidative stress in patients suffering oxidative damage associated to neurological pathologies as Parkinson (Famulari et al, 1996, Dominguez et al, 2008, Alzheimer disease (Famulari et al, 1996;Repetto et al, 1999;Dominguez et al, 2008;Serra et al, 2009), and vascular dementia (Famulari et al, 1996, Dominguez et al, 2008Serra et al, 2009); immunological diseases as HIV infection and AIDS , hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism (Abalovich et al, 2003). These methods were used to evaluate lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage in experimental models of oxidative stress in rats Ossani et al, 2007;Repetto  Ossani, 2008;.…”

Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress and Oxidative Damage in Parkinson's Disease

“…Oxidative stress promotes aggregation and accumulation of -synuclein, characteristic of Parkinson's disease (Kozlowski et al, 2009;Opazo et al, 2003). The series of observed changes include glycation protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, depletion of antioxidants and nucleic acid oxidation (Famulari et al, 1996;Gatto et al, 1996;Gatto et al, 1997;Repetto et al, 1999;Fiszman et al, 2003;Repetto, 2008). It has been proposed that oxidative damage favors the aggregation of -synuclein in sporadic PD.…”

Evidence of Oxidative Stress Damage in Glaucoma

“…Oxidative stress has been implicated as a risk factor at several levels in the pathophysiology of glaucoma (Ferreira et al, 2004(Ferreira et al, , 2009(Ferreira et al, , 2010 as well as neurodegenerative diseases (Famulari et al, 1996); growing evidence supports the role of oxidative stress in glaucomatous neurodegeneration (Tezel, 2006). Reactive oxygen species are involved in signalling pathways during retinal ganglion cells death by acting as second messengers and/or modulating protein functions (Neufeld et al, 1999).…”