The Apollo–Soyuz Test Project: Construction of an Ideal Type of Science Diplomacy

Krasnyak, Olga

doi:10.1163/1871191x-12341028

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Science diplomacy has secured a solid reputation as an innovative tool capable of mitigating global conflicts and political tensions. Most contemporary researchers of science diplomacy are focusing on its peacekeeping component, referring to scientists' participation in international cooperation as benefitting the efforts to build and strengthen trust and relations between states that are parties to disputes or conflicts (Fedoroff, 2009;Krasnyak, 2018;Turekian & Neureiter, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

International interdisciplinary Arctic research: Case study of the Russian Arctic biomonitoring mega-grant project

Sorokina,

Zarubina,

Gutenev

et al. 2023

Polar Record

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The Arctic region is commonly seen as a territory of international dialogue and cooperation. This perception is largely due to the science diplomacy efforts that are largely being contributed by universities, scientific centres, research teams and individual scholars. This paper discusses the Arctic science diplomacy initiatives proposed by Russia’s northernmost federal university. Of particular interest is the case of establishing in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation of national biological monitoring network – the initiative supported by the government-funded mega-grant programme. Our analysis suggests that two pillars of science diplomacy – “science for diplomacy” and “diplomacy for science” – can be successfully combined within the framework of one project. Evidence is provided of the pursuit of national interests being not a limiting factor but rather a driver in the process of promoting diplomatic collaborations in science, serving as a third science diplomacy pillar. Significant progress towards ensuring peace and harmony in the Arctic and sustaining international dialogue on science-based responses to global challenges has been achieved through science diplomacy initiatives proposed by Northern (Arctic) Federal University (NArFU). The authors confirm that most effective tools for establishing good neighbourly relations in the Arctic and promoting international cooperation are offered by scientific discussion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

International interdisciplinary Arctic research: Case study of the Russian Arctic biomonitoring mega-grant project

Sorokina,

Zarubina,

Gutenev

et al. 2023

Polar Record

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“…Even when nations were in the state of tension during cold war period, science has acted to connect those nations despite the growing political rifts and tensions. In the 1970s when the United States of America (USA) and Soviet Union were in the state of cold war, the initiation of scientific collaboration for space exploration in the name of Apollo-Soyuz Test Project had a farreaching implication on the humanitarian ground in addition to the scientific mission, as it greatly eased the political tension and brought Americans and Soviet Union citizens closer (Krasnyak, 2018). Subsequently, this collaboration also became instrumental in the establishment of the International Space station.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science Diplomacy: An Overview in the Global and National Context

2022

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Science Diplomacy seeks avenues for strengthening humanity and consolidating the existing inter-nation relationships through academic and industrial collaboration between nations on various scientific and technological frontiers. Science and technology are effective tools for addressing global challenges and cross-boundary disputes amicably by promoting international scientific collaboration to harness the potentials of partner countries. In this perspective, we revisit the global developments in science diplomacy and with a particular focus on Nepal, we explore how science diplomacy has been vital for establishing scientific collaborations. The paper also highlights the effort and the role played by the Nepali diaspora for enhancing scientific collaboration and technology transfer between Nepal and the scientifically advanced nations. While further strengthening diplomatic ties that Nepal currently enjoys with friends worldwide, we discuss various policy measures that can leverage scientific output in the country by encompassing scientific and technological collaboration as an integral part of foreign policy. We believe that this paper can also serve as a useful reference to achieve Sustainable Development Goals and combat global challenges such as climate change, natural disasters, and pandemics through science diplomacy and cooperation.

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“…He argues that American and Soviet space officials started to consider cooperation as an adequate response to the challenges for their national space programs and pushed for it with little interference from politics (p. 90). On the other hand, Krasnyak (2018) and E. Sadeh, Lester and W. Sadeh (1996) emphasize the political symbolism of the project and view the ASTP as part of a wider political agenda that was enabled and defined by the détente in American-Soviet relations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: The Effects of the “Third” on the Interplay Between Cooperation and Competition

Volf¹

2021

Minerva

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The paper investigates the evolution of the first manned international space mission – a rendezvous and docking between a US and a Soviet spacecraft in 1975 known as the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). The aim is to reconsider the rationales behind the ASTP from both a conceptual and an empirical perspective in order to get a better understanding of the evolution of international cooperation in the highly competitive and strategic field of space technology. Based on archival sources from Moscow, it sheds some light on those factors that led to a change in the previous reluctance of Soviets to cooperate with the US in the manned spaceflight. From the theoretical point of view, it argues that the ASTP was as much a tool of competition as one of cooperation and resulted from an interplay between cooperative and competitive logics. To explain the turn towards cooperative practices, the article looks at the complex constellation of competitive relations that existed within the national and international context of space exploration and changed in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The decisive role in those changes was played by factors that can be subsumed under the notion of the so-called “third.”

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The Apollo–Soyuz Test Project: Construction of an Ideal Type of Science Diplomacy

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

International interdisciplinary Arctic research: Case study of the Russian Arctic biomonitoring mega-grant project

International interdisciplinary Arctic research: Case study of the Russian Arctic biomonitoring mega-grant project

Science Diplomacy: An Overview in the Global and National Context

Evolution of the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: The Effects of the “Third” on the Interplay Between Cooperation and Competition

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