The appearance of S-100 protein in serum during and immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery: A possible marker for cerebral injury

Blomquist, Sten; Johnsson, Per; Lührs, Carsten; Malmkvist, Gunnar; Solem, Jan Otto; Alling, Christer; Ståhl, Elisabeth

doi:10.1016/s1053-0770(97)90160-9

Cited by 140 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Increased S-100B serum levels have also been observed to correlate with the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass surgery (22) and the associated development of neurological complications (23,24). S-100B is physiologically localized in the cytosol or bound to the membranes of astroglial cells, mostly of the central nervous system (25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of stress doses of hydrocortisone on S-100B vs. interleukin-8 and polymorphonuclear elastase levels in human septic shock

Mussack¹,

Briegel²,

Schelling³

et al. 2005

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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Stress doses of hydrocortisone are known to have immunomodulatory effects in patients with hyperdynamic septic shock. The prognosis correlates with the presence and severity of septic encephalopathy. However, neurological evaluation is influenced by the use of analgesia sedation during artificial ventilation. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effect of stress doses of hydrocortisone during the initial phase of human septic shock on the serum values of the neurospecific protein S-100B in comparison to the inflammation markers interleukin (IL)-8 in serum and polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase in plasma. A total of 24 consecutive patients, who met the American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine criteria for septic shock, were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, double-blind, singlecenter trial. The severity of illness at recruitment was graded using the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II scoring systems. Multi-organ dysfunction syndrome was described by the Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. All patients were prospectively randomized to receive either stress doses of hydrocortisone or placebo. Hydrocortisone was started in 12 patients with a loading dose of 100 mg and followed by a continuous infusion of 0.18 mg/kg/h for 6 days. Median S-100B serum levels of the hydrocortisone group decreased from 0.32 ng/mL at study entry to 0.07 ng/mL 6 days later without significant differences compared to the placebo group. Initial IL-8 serum levels were significantly higher in the hydrocortisone group up to 12 h after study entry, and significantly decreased from 715 to 17 pg/mL at the end of the observation period. Median PMN elastase plasma levels were not affected by hydrocortisone infusion. Patients with initial S-100B *Corresponding author: Thomas Mussack, MD, Department of Surgery Innenstadt, Klinikum der Universitä t Mü nchen, Nussbaumstraße 20, 80336 Mü nchen, Germany Phone: q49-89-5160-2638, Fax: q49-89-5160-4489, E-mail: thomas.mussack@med.uni-muenchen.de serum levels )0.50 ng/mL revealed significantly higher SOFA scores up to 30 h, IL-8 serum levels up to 12 h, and PMN elastase plasma levels up to 36 h after study entry than those patients with F0.50 ng/mL. These effects were independent of the amount of fluid correction for hemodilution. Starting S-100B, IL-8 and PMN elastase values of the hydrocortisone group were within the ranges already known in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest or severe traumatic brain injury. Stress doses of hydrocortisone resulted in a significant reduction in IL-8 serum, but not in S-100B serum and PMN elastase plasma concentrations in patients with hyperdynamic septic shock. For the first time, a similar extent of S-100B increase in serum of septic patients at the time of diagnosis was shown as reported for cardiac arrest or severe traumatic brain injury.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protein is eliminated by the kidney with a biological half-life between 30 and 113 min (26,27). Continuously increasing S-100B serum levels after brain injury may reflect both early cellular damage due to impaired permeability of the blood-brain barrier (24) and delayed renal elimination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of stress doses of hydrocortisone on S-100B vs. interleukin-8 and polymorphonuclear elastase levels in human septic shock

Mussack¹,

Briegel²,

Schelling³

et al. 2005

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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“…A second, delayed peak in serum S100B levels has been found indicative of poor outcome after severe TBI [41]. The short half-life of S100B, 30-90 min, also indicates that its elevated serum levels should reflect ongoing damage of astroglia with the subsequent release of the protein into the serum [42,43]. A meta-analysis on mild-TBI including 12 studies showed that the pooled negative predictive value was more than 99% (95% CI 98%-100%) [44].…”

Section: Neuronal and Glial Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Dependent Changes in Serum Level of Protein Biomarkers after Focal Traumatic Brain Injury

Rostami¹

2015

Int J Neurorehabilitation Eng

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“…Increased S100 protein serum levels have previously been reported in cases of TBI, cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary surgery (7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Usually, S100 is present in dimeric form (ab-and bb-heterodimers), with two chains of equal molecular mass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…An early peak for S100 levels in serum 20 min after brain damage seems to reflect both cellular damage and increased permeability of the blood-CSF barrier in TBI patients (9). It has been suggested that elevated S100 serum levels predict neurological long-term deficits in patients with TBI or hypoxic brain damage (10,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Elecsys® S100 immunoassay for real-time assessment of traumatic brain damage in multiple trauma patients

Mussack¹,

Kirchhoff²,

Buhmann³

et al. 2006

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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Background: The neuroprotein S100 released into the circulation has been suggested as a reliable marker for primary brain damage. However, safe identification of relevant traumatic brain injury (TBI) may possibly be hampered by S100 release from peripheral tissue. The objective of this study was to measure early S100 levels using the Elecsys ᮋ S100 immunoassay for real-time assessment of severe TBI in multiple trauma. Methods: Consecutively admitted multiple trauma patients (injury severity score G16 points) were stratified according to the results of the initial cerebral computed tomography (CCT) examination. S100 serum levels were determined at admission and at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after trauma. Data were correlated to creatine phosphokinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) serum levels. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the discriminating power of S100 measurement was calculated for the detection of CCTq findings. Results: Median S100 levels of CCTq patients (ns9;

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The appearance of S-100 protein in serum during and immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery: A possible marker for cerebral injury

Cited by 140 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of stress doses of hydrocortisone on S-100B vs. interleukin-8 and polymorphonuclear elastase levels in human septic shock

Effect of stress doses of hydrocortisone on S-100B vs. interleukin-8 and polymorphonuclear elastase levels in human septic shock

Time-Dependent Changes in Serum Level of Protein Biomarkers after Focal Traumatic Brain Injury

Significance of Elecsys® S100 immunoassay for real-time assessment of traumatic brain damage in multiple trauma patients

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