The apple sawfly, <i>Hoplocampa testudinea</i>: egg development and forecasting of egg hatch

Graf, B.; Höpli, H. U.; Höhn, H.

doi:10.1046/j.1570-7458.2002.01032.x

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It has already been used successfully to forecast the phenology of various fruit pests such as codling moth and Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta Busck (Welch et al., ; Croft & Knight, ), summer fruit tortrix, Adoxophyes orana F. v. R. (Baumgärtner & Charmillot, ), rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea Pass. (Graf et al., , ), apple sawfly, Hoplocampa testudinea Klug (Graf et al., , , ), smaller fruit tortrix, Grapholita lobarzewskii Nowicki (Graf et al., , , ), pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri L. (Schaub et al., ), apple blossom weevil, Anthonomus pomorum L., and cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi L. (Samietz et al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has already been used successfully to forecast the phenology of various fruit pests such as codling moth and Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta Busck (Welch et al, 1978;Croft & Knight, 1983), summer fruit tortrix, Adoxophyes orana F. v. R. (Baumg€ artner & Charmillot, 1983), rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea Pass. (Graf et al, 1985(Graf et al, , 2006, apple sawfly, Hoplocampa testudinea Klug (Graf et al, 1996(Graf et al, , 2001a(Graf et al, , 2002b, smaller fruit tortrix, Grapholita lobarzewskii Nowicki (Graf et al, 1999(Graf et al, , 2015(Graf et al, , 2016, pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri L. (Schaub et al, 2005), apple blossom weevil, Anthonomus pomorum L., and cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi L. (Samietz et al, 2008). The driving variables of the model are hourly values of air temperature and solar radiation, where the latter is employed to emulate the temperature in the hibernation habitat (Graf et al, 2001b;Samietz et al, 2011).…”

Section: Modeling Phenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predicting the phenology of codling moth, Cydia pomonella, for sustainable pest management in Swiss apple orchards

Graf

Höhn

Höpli

et al. 2018

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The effects of temperature on post‐diapause development, female lifespan, and reproduction of Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) were studied under controlled conditions to determine the respective parameters for a temperature‐driven phenology model. Lower thermal thresholds of 10.0 and 9.7 °C and thermal constants of 417.2 and 427.7 degree days were established for post‐diapause development of females and males, respectively. Female lifespan was found to be 202.6 degree days on average, with a lower thermal threshold of 11.2 °C. Total fecundity was highest at 27.7 °C with an average of 241.9 eggs per female. Literature data were used to quantify the lower thermal thresholds and the thermal constants for eggs, larvae, and pupae. For validation, the model was run with weather data from 13 consecutive years and the output was compared with pheromone trap catches from 39 to 63 different orchards, depending on the year. The model proved to be a reliable and useful tool to forecast codling moth phenology under Swiss conditions not only for a whole growing season but also during several years with very variable weather conditions. Hence, it can be used to support apple growers in pest management decisions on the one hand and to predict changes in codling moth phenology with respect to climate change on the other.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modeling Phenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the phenology of codling moth, Cydia pomonella, for sustainable pest management in Swiss apple orchards

Graf

Höhn

Höpli

et al. 2018

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…So far, various means have been developed for optimization of apple sawfly management. Several tools for predicting the spring emergence of adult sawflies (Graf et al, 1996 a; Zijp, apple orchards Blommers, 1997;Tamošiūnas, Valiuškaitė, 2013), life span and egg-laying time (Graf et al, 2001), embryonic development duration and egg-hatch (Ciglar, Barić, 2002;Graf et al, 2002;Falta, Kneifl, 2006) were developed. White sticky traps were investigated and proposed as a valuable and reliable tool for monitoring apple sawfly population dynamics and infestation prognosis (Wildbolz, Staub, 1984;Galli et al, 1993;Graf et al, 1996 b), economic damage threshold was determined under western Germany, Swiss and Lithuanian conditions (Wildbolz, Staub, 1984;Graf et al, 1996 b;Tamošiūnas et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution patterns of apple sawfly populations in two differently managed commercial apple orchards

Tamošiūnas

Valiuškaitė

Jukna

et al. 2015

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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An investigation on spatial distribution of apple sawfly (Hoplocampa testudinea Klug, 1816) populations was conducted in organically and conventionally managed apple orchards of Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry in 2010-2013. The aim of this study was to examine population density patterns of within orchard spatial distribution of apple sawfly. White sticky traps Rebell ® bianco (Andermatt Biocontrol, Switzerland) were used to monitor apple sawfly population density. In order to determine aggregation extent in sawfly populations, coefficient k of the negative binomial distribution, serving as aggregation index, was computed using maximum-likelihood method. Additionally, in order to accurately evaluate distribution patterns of apple sawfly within orchards, spatial analysis using Kernel density function was performed. Spatial analysis was performed using program package ARCGIS 10. Results of the study on spatial distribution patterns of apple sawfly imagoes demonstrated strong tendency for aggregation of adult sawflies across the orchard area. Localisation of clumps was quite constant despite the size of the orchard. Such knowledge could be applied for optimization of apple sawfly control strategies, especially in large orchards. The highest infestation levels were recorded exactly in the aggregations of sawflies over the course of the study. Moreover, knowing exact locations of such aggregations could be useful for optimization of positioning of traps in the orchards and, ultimately, restricting insecticide applications only to places where it is really necessary.

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“…However, exact timing of spraying is an essential prerequisite for satisfactory control of apple sawfly (Höhn et al 1993 ; Kienzle et al 2002 ). As a consequence, several phenology-driven models based on soil and air temperature have been developed to predict the spring emergence of the adult sawflies, the time of mating, and the period of egg development (Graf et al 1996a ; Zijp and Blommers 1997 ; Graf et al 2001 , 2002 ). An early model employed soil temperature to estimate the emergence of adults (Graf et al 1996a ), but air temperature is cheaper and easier to measure and more commonly used by advisory services and growers for the management of other apple pest species (Jones et al 2010 ; Roubal and Rouzet 2003 ; Agnello and Reissig 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of temperature sum models and timing of Quassia amara (Simaroubaceae) wood-chip extract to control apple sawfly (Hoplocampa testudinea Klug) in Sweden

et al. 2014

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Apple sawfly (Hoplocampa testudinea Klug) is a serious pest in European organic apple production. They hatch during a short period only, making correct timing of control measures crucial. Swedish organic growers have requested a strategy for optimal timing of the Quassia amara (Simaroubaceae) extract against the apple sawfly. The aim of this study was, therefore, to develop methods to predict the timing of Q. amara control in Sweden. A temperature sum model for timely placement of monitoring or mass-trapping sticky traps was validated for Swedish conditions. The average emergence of sawflies occurred at 169 degree days (SD = 20) counted from March 15 (threshold temperature 4 °C). The difference in emergence from existing first flight model of average and maximum 9 and 39 degree days (1 and 9 calendar days) was found acceptable. Accumulated oviposition of 85 % at full bloom (BBCH 65) suggests that mass trapping and monitoring could stop at this time. This is supported by a tendency of decreased trap catches during that period. Three application times for Q. amara were compared: (A) at petal fall (BBCH 67), (B) at a date calculated using female trap catch numbers and temperature sums, and (C) prior to peak egg hatch observed in the field. All treatments resulted in significantly lower percentage of damaged apples compared to the unsprayed control, with significantly less damage (1.3 %) in plots treated according to method (B). The results provide information on adult phenology and methods that could be used to determine timing of mass trapping and insecticide application against the apple sawfly.

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The apple sawfly, Hoplocampa testudinea: egg development and forecasting of egg hatch

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Predicting the phenology of codling moth, Cydia pomonella, for sustainable pest management in Swiss apple orchards

Predicting the phenology of codling moth, Cydia pomonella, for sustainable pest management in Swiss apple orchards

Spatial distribution patterns of apple sawfly populations in two differently managed commercial apple orchards

Evaluation of temperature sum models and timing of Quassia amara (Simaroubaceae) wood-chip extract to control apple sawfly (Hoplocampa testudinea Klug) in Sweden

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