The Application of an External Wrist Extension Force Reduces Electromyographic Activity of Wrist Extensor Muscles During Gripping

Elk, Niek van

doi:10.2519/jospt.2004.1056

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…However, the results of this study show that an external extension force significantly reduces the EMG signal of the wrist extensor muscles during gripping in patients similarly to what was previously shown in healthy subjects. 24 Moreover, the brace had an immediate effect on the patients, demonstrated by an increase in pain-free grip strength compared to gripping without the brace. Apparently, by passively assisting the extensor muscles during gripping, painfree grip strength improved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 Based on these results, a dynamic extensor brace, used at the correct angle and extension force, could be a promising new treatment for lateral epicondylalgia. An evaluation in a clinical trial is needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the tests with the dynamic extensor brace only the EMG signal of the EDC and ECRB was measured, because in a similar study with healthy subjects the most significant results were seen in the EDC and ECRB. 24 Electrodes location was determined using palpation while the subjects were alternatively activating and relaxing their extensor muscles. Electrodes were placed on the thickest part of the muscle belly in accordance with Merletti et al 12 The earth electrode was placed just above the elbow on the upper arm (Figures 2 and 3).…”

Section: Study Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Therefore, patients suffering from lateral epicondylalgia may have altered muscle mechanics during gripping compared to healthy subjects. As a consequence, a significant reduction in EMG signal found in the wrist extensor muscles of healthy subjects while using an extension force 24 may not be seen in patients with lateral epicondylalgia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An external extension force applied to the palm of the hand has also been shown to significantly reduce EMG signal in the ECRB and EDC muscles in 20 healthy individuals during hand gripping. 24 It was hypothesized that the production of the wrist extension moment required during a gripping task was partially provided by the externally applied force. The principle of an external wrist extension force applied to the palm of the hand might be useful in the treatment of lateral epicondylalgia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Dynamic Extensor Brace Reduces Electromyographic Activity of Wrist Extensor Muscles in Patients With Lateral Epicondylalgia

Faes¹,

Elk²,

Lint³

et al. 2006

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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Study Design: Semiexperimental study. Objective: To investigate the effect of an external wrist extension force on extensor muscle activity during hand gripping in patients with lateral epicondylalgia. Background: Lateral epicondylalgia or ''tennis elbow'' is a common, often disabling ailment affecting millions of people. An optimal treatment strategy remains to be identified. The use of an external wrist extension force may reduce the extensor muscle activity during gripping in these patients. Methods: Muscle activity of the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), extensor digitorum communis (EDC), and extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) was measured using surface EMG. Subjects gripped at an intensity of 10%, 20%, and 30% of the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) force with and without the dynamic extensor brace and with and without an applied external wrist extension force of 1%, 2%, and 3% of MVC. Results: At all levels of MVC gripping, the EMG signal of the ECRB and EDC were significantly lower for gripping with than without brace. An extension force of 3% of the MVC force significantly reduced the EMG signal of all muscles in almost all measurement conditions. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the dynamic extensor brace as well as the external extension force significantly reduced the EMG signal of the wrist extensor muscles during gripping in patients with lateral epicondylalgia. Based on these results, the dynamic extensor brace could be a promising new intervention for lateral epicondylalgia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Dynamic Extensor Brace Reduces Electromyographic Activity of Wrist Extensor Muscles in Patients With Lateral Epicondylalgia

Faes¹,

Elk²,

Lint³

et al. 2006

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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Wrist Splint Effects on Muscle Activity and Force during a Handgrip Task

Domizio

Mogk

Keir

2008

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

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Wrist splints are commonly prescribed to limit wrist motion and provide support at night and during inactive periods but are often used in the workplace. In theory, splinting the wrist should reduce wrist extensor muscle activity by stabilizing the joint and reducing the need for co-contraction to maintain posture. Ten healthy volunteers underwent a series of 24 10-s gripping trials with surface electromyography on 6 forearm muscles. Trials were randomized between splinted and nonsplinted conditions with three wrist postures (30° flexion, neutral, and 30° extension) and four grip efforts. Custom-made Plexiglas splints were taped to the dorsum of the hand and wrist. It was found that when simply holding the dynamometer, use of a splint led to a small (<1% MVE) but significant reduction in activity for all flexor muscles and extensor carpi radialis (all activity <4% maximum). At maximal grip, extensor muscle activity was significantly increased with the splints by 7.9-23.9% MVE. These data indicate that splinting at low-to-moderate grip forces may act to support the wrist against external loading, but appears counterproductive when exerting maximal forces. Wrist bracing should be limited to periods of no to light activity and avoided during tasks that require heavy efforts.

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The Immediate Effects of Orthoses on Pain in People with Lateral Epicondylalgia

Sadeghi-Demneh

Jafarian

2013

Pain Research and Treatment

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Objective. Tennis elbow is a common cause of upper limb dysfunction and a primary reason for pain at the lateral aspect of the elbow. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of three commonly used orthoses on pain severity. An elbow band, an elbow sleeve, and a wrist splint were assessed for their ability to reduce the level of reported pain. Method. A crossover randomized controlled trial was used. The orthoses were worn in a randomized order, and all participants were required to complete a control trial for which they wore a placebo orthosis. 52 participants with lateral epicondylalgia were recruited, and the level of pain at their elbow was recorded using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Results. The reported pain for all orthoses was lower than that of the placebo (P < 0.05). Pain reduction was significantly greater with a counterforce elbow band or a counterforce elbow sleeve compared to a wrist splint (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between a counterforce elbow band and a counterforce elbow sleeve (P = 0.23). Conclusion. All the types of orthoses studied showed an immediate improvement on pain severity in people with lateral epicondylalgia. The counterforce elbow orthoses (elbow band and elbow sleeve) presented the greatest improvement, suggesting that either of them can be used as a first treatment choice to alleviate the pain in people with tennis elbow.

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The Application of an External Wrist Extension Force Reduces Electromyographic Activity of Wrist Extensor Muscles During Gripping

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

A Dynamic Extensor Brace Reduces Electromyographic Activity of Wrist Extensor Muscles in Patients With Lateral Epicondylalgia

A Dynamic Extensor Brace Reduces Electromyographic Activity of Wrist Extensor Muscles in Patients With Lateral Epicondylalgia

Wrist Splint Effects on Muscle Activity and Force during a Handgrip Task

The Immediate Effects of Orthoses on Pain in People with Lateral Epicondylalgia

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