The application of Auger electron spectroscopy to tribology

Phillips, Nicholas; Dewey, M. S.; Hall, D. D.; Quinn, T.F.J.; Southworth, H.N.

doi:10.1016/0042-207x(76)90223-2

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…Although the area-averaged XPS data were useful in giving an indication of the overall surface chemistry, no information on the distribution of elements with depth was obtained. To overcome this, Phillips et al [6] used AES in conjunction with argon ion beam etching to construct depth profiles through films generated using ZDTP solutions in refined white oil at various loads in a modified 4-ball lubricant test apparatus. In agreement with the early XPS measurements, surface films containing Zn, P, S and O were found.…”

Section: Structure and Composition Of Anti-wear Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface analytical science and automotive lubrication

Smith

2000

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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This paper discusses the role surface analytical science has played in understanding the complex phenomena occurring during lubrication of modern internal combustion engines. The interactions between the multi-functional lubricant additives and the various metallic surfaces present in the tribological contacts are complex and lead to the formation of inhomogenous multi-layer protective surface films. Surface analysis by ultra-high vacuum (UHV) techniques such as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry has allowed model structures for these films to be derived through which the behaviour of the contact can be understood. Non-UHV probes have elucidated the role played by the soluble, partly reacted or degraded film precursors that occupy the interfacial region between the solid surface and the liquid lubricant, and have allowed the mechanical properties of the films to be investigated on a micro- and nano-scale. The use of surface analytical techniques to study interactions between lubricant species and combustion soot is also discussed.

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Section: Structure and Composition Of Anti-wear Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%