The application of biological pesticides: Limitations and a practical solution

Chapple, Andrew C.; Downer, RA; Wolf, Thomas M.; Taylor, R. A. J.; Hall, Franklin R.

doi:10.1007/bf02765799

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Application technology can have a large impact on the efficacy of pesticide sprays, and efficacy can be manipulated by managing the size, velocity, and deployment angle of spray droplets (Combellack and Matthews 1981;Knoche 1994;Matthews 2000). Although the effect of application technology on the efficacy of chemical pesticides has been well characterized; the effect of different sprays on the efficacy of biological pesticides has been poorly studied, with the exception of the detailed investigations of spray application for biological insecticides by Bateman (1999), Bateman and Chapple (2000), Chapple and Bateman (1997), and Chapple et al (1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nozzle Type and Pressure on the Efficacy of Spray Applications of the Bioherbicidal Fungus Microsphaeropsis amaranthi¹

Doll¹,

Sojka²,

Hallett

2005

Weed Technology

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The effect of application technology on efficacy has been thoroughly investigated for sprays of chemical pesticide but not biological pesticides. This study investigates the effect of applying conidia of Microsphaeropsis amaranthi, a candidate bioherbicide for Amaranthus spp., with a range of different hydraulic nozzle tips. The nozzle tips were selected to deliver sprays with different spectra of droplet sizes deployed at different angles. We found that sprays of large droplets gave poor coverage of the target and resulted in low levels of disease severity on common waterhemp. The most effective nozzle tip tested was a hollow cone nozzle tip, such as is commonly used for the application of fungicides. This nozzle tip deployed large numbers of fine droplets that swirled within the plant canopy, provided good coverage of all plant parts, and resulted in the highest levels of disease severity, particularly on stems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nozzle Type and Pressure on the Efficacy of Spray Applications of the Bioherbicidal Fungus Microsphaeropsis amaranthi¹

Doll¹,

Sojka²,

Hallett

2005

Weed Technology

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“…the spores of some previously investigated pathogens for use as bioherbicides often have sizes of 10–30 μm, 30,31 which precludes their inclusion in droplets smaller than these diameters). Indeed, it has been suggested that the optimum droplet diameter for delivery of bioherbicides is often >150 μm 32,33 …”

Section: Spray Application Of Liquid Bioherbicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, it has been suggested that the optimum droplet diameter for delivery of bioherbicides is often >150 μm. 32,33 If spray application is conducted on a broadcast scale (i.e. spraying entire fields), wide-angle (e.g.…”

Section: Application Technologies and Spray Targetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application technology for bioherbicides: challenges and opportunities with dry inoculum and liquid spray formulations

Hewitt,

Galea,

O'Donnell

2023

Pest Management Science

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Bioherbicides offer many potential benefits as part of an integrated weed management system or a totally biological or organic cropping system. A key factor for success is the selection of appropriate formulation and delivery systems for each target weed and cropping/climatic region. For dry inoculum products, we discuss direct implantation as an example for successful control of woody weeds, with benefits in control extending beyond the treated weeds to surrounding weeds. These applications do not require water and will become less labor‐intensive with future robotic application platforms. Indeed, all bioherbicide applications are likely to improve and become more cost‐effective with the advance of new application platforms with sensors and targeted control at lower application volume rates. Unmanned aerial vehicles, as new application platforms, are one of several such potential progressive application systems for liquid formulations, and we discuss product design to maintain optimum conditioning of the active ingredient(s) and storage stability. The delivery system must not adversely affect the products and the application volume rate must be appropriate for coverage on the target. Where applied with other products, compatibility must be ensured and appropriate mixing orders observed to assure performance and avoid precipitation or settling. Droplet size is important for allowing the active materials to be included in the spray, which may require droplets with diameter >150 μm for some larger particle biologically active agents. However, droplet size should not be too large to achieve target coverage. In some cases, that may be plant stems rather than leaves, or narrow grass weeds which tend to have highest spray collection efficiency for small droplets. Narrow droplet size spectrum nozzles may help optimize droplet size. We propose spray calculators to help optimize performance for coverage, retention and avoidance of drift losses, bounce, shatter and runoff. These include regulatory‐supported, validated models. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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2000

Pesticide Application Methods

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The application of biological pesticides: Limitations and a practical solution

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Effect of Nozzle Type and Pressure on the Efficacy of Spray Applications of the Bioherbicidal Fungus Microsphaeropsis amaranthi¹

Effect of Nozzle Type and Pressure on the Efficacy of Spray Applications of the Bioherbicidal Fungus Microsphaeropsis amaranthi¹

Application technology for bioherbicides: challenges and opportunities with dry inoculum and liquid spray formulations

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The application of biological pesticides: Limitations and a practical solution

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Effect of Nozzle Type and Pressure on the Efficacy of Spray Applications of the Bioherbicidal Fungus Microsphaeropsis amaranthi1

Effect of Nozzle Type and Pressure on the Efficacy of Spray Applications of the Bioherbicidal Fungus Microsphaeropsis amaranthi1

Application technology for bioherbicides: challenges and opportunities with dry inoculum and liquid spray formulations

References

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effect of Nozzle Type and Pressure on the Efficacy of Spray Applications of the Bioherbicidal Fungus Microsphaeropsis amaranthi¹

Effect of Nozzle Type and Pressure on the Efficacy of Spray Applications of the Bioherbicidal Fungus Microsphaeropsis amaranthi¹