The application of GMOs in agriculture and in food production for a better nutrition: two different scientific points of view

Buiatti, M.; Christou, Paul; Pastore, Gianni

doi:10.1007/s12263-012-0316-4

Cited by 82 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…The conclusion of this study is in agreement with other findings in the fact that, the insecticidal toxin released from Bt crops had no short-term deleterious effects on soil biological communities, but the potential long-term effects due to accumulation and persistence of the toxin on soil biodiversity have not been evaluated extensively (Donegan et al, 1995;Betz et al, 2000;Saxena and Stotzky, 2001a;Head et al, 2002;Zwahlen et al, 2003;Buiatti et al, 2013;Xiaogang and Liu, 2013;Malviya et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Impact of transgenic cotton expressing cry1Ac and cry2Ab genes on soil rhizosphere bacterial and fungal populations in soils of central Kenya

Swilla¹,

Waturu²,

Rubindamayugi³

2016

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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The impact of 9 months cultivation of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton on selected culturable bacterial and fungal populations in rhizosphere soil was investigated. The transgenic Bt cotton line (06Z604M), isoline (99M03) and a non-Bt cotton line (HART 89M) were planted in confined field site in Samuru-Thika where non-Bt cotton had been continuously cultivated for the past 2 years. Rhizosphere soil samples were collected at planting, maturity, flower and boll, and boll-opening stages and harvesting stages of cotton. Numbers of culturable soil microbial groups (bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi) involved in decomposition and nutrients recycling were measured at CFU and population levels. The proteins did not show effects on bacterial, actinomycetes and fungal counts and populations possibly as a result of adsorption of the proteins on soil particles, which could have rendered the proteins inaccessible for microbial utilization. Culturable microbial population and colony counts arranged in decreasing order were 06Z604D>99M03>HART89M, similar to the amounts of MBC and clay in the soils. Moreover, bacteria and fungi counts were higher at 110 DAS in 06Z604D than in 99M03 and HART89M plot soils. Our observations suggest that insecticidal proteins (Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab2) produced by Bollgard II Bt cotton could persist in tropical soils as a result of adsorption on soil clays but that there were no observable effect on the studied culturable microbial groups.The data presented here showed no consistent statistically significant differences (p<0.005) in the numbers of different groups of culturable bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi between rhizosphere soil of Bt, isoline and Hart 89M cotton lines in the same field, and no obvious trends in the numbers of the culturable bacteria and fungi with the increasing growth duration. Moreover, the studied culturable bacterial and fungal groups were positively correlated (p>0.001) with soil respiration and microbial biomass, which exhibited uneven trend with the treatments. Generally Soil from 06Z604D showed the slight higher microbial populations and CFU count, whilst HART 89M showed slight lower microbial count. This depicts the fact that slight variability in the treatments, quality and content of the root exudates might have a temporal or permanent shift in micro biota populations of a variety of crop studied.This study therefore suggests that a single-year cultivation of transgenic Bt cotton may not affect the functional bacterial and fungi populations in rhizosphere soil.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Impact of transgenic cotton expressing cry1Ac and cry2Ab genes on soil rhizosphere bacterial and fungal populations in soils of central Kenya

Swilla¹,

Waturu²,

Rubindamayugi³

2016

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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“…Widely grown GMO crops either display insect or herbicide tolerance, with few engineered for improved nutritional value (Buiatti et al, 2013). The data presented in this paper demonstrate that non-GMO methods can be used to identify plant germplasm and novel strategies that can complement recombinant genetic modification approaches for crop improvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Identification of Homogentisate Dioxygenase as a Target for Vitamin E Biofortification in Oilseeds

et al. 2016

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Soybean (Glycine max) is a major plant source of protein and oil and produces important secondary metabolites beneficial for human health. As a tool for gene function discovery and improvement of this important crop, a mutant population was generated using fast neutron irradiation. Visual screening of mutagenized seeds identified a mutant line, designated MO12, which produced brown seeds as opposed to the yellow seeds produced by the unmodified Williams 82 parental cultivar. Using forward genetic methods combined with comparative genome hybridization analysis, we were able to establish that deletion of the GmHGO1 gene is the genetic basis of the brown seeded phenotype exhibited by the MO12 mutant line. GmHGO1 encodes a homogentisate dioxygenase (HGO), which catalyzes the committed enzymatic step in homogentisate catabolism. This report describes to our knowledge the first functional characterization of a plant HGO gene, defects of which are linked to the human genetic disease alkaptonuria. We show that reduced homogentisate catabolism in a soybean HGO mutant is an effective strategy for enhancing the production of lipid-soluble antioxidants such as vitamin E, as well as tolerance to herbicides that target pathways associated with homogentisate metabolism. Furthermore, this work demonstrates the utility of fast neutron mutagenesis in identifying novel genes that contribute to soybean agronomic traits.

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“…Rather than requiring fewer chemicals, insects, viruses, and bacteria become resistant, resulting in the need for new chemicals to fight new diseases and continuous genetic reengineering, often involving multiple ('stacked') transgenetic traits (Buiatti et al, 2013). Of major concern is gene flow between GM crops and non-GM crops, and the resulting reduction of biodiversity.…”

Section: Genetically Modified Organisms: Emergence and Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Food Movements

Grauerholz

Owens

2015

International Encyclopedia of the Social &Amp; Behavioral Sciences

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The application of GMOs in agriculture and in food production for a better nutrition: two different scientific points of view

Cited by 82 publications

References 94 publications

Impact of transgenic cotton expressing cry1Ac and cry2Ab genes on soil rhizosphere bacterial and fungal populations in soils of central Kenya

Impact of transgenic cotton expressing cry1Ac and cry2Ab genes on soil rhizosphere bacterial and fungal populations in soils of central Kenya

Identification of Homogentisate Dioxygenase as a Target for Vitamin E Biofortification in Oilseeds

Alternative Food Movements

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