The Application of Grab and Time Integrated Sampling to the Characterization of Trace Contaminants Contributed by the Docking and Integration of the Priroda Module to Space Station Mir

Cole, Harold; Ward, S. D.; Manuel, Sam; Rather, David; Simon, Philippe; Farant, Jean-Pierre; Krasnec, Joseph P.; Gouzenberg, Arkady; Moukhamedieva, Lana; Mikos, Konstantine

doi:10.4271/981744

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…[10,11] Both were adopted for use in the ISS program to satisfy program requirements to monitor cabin atmosphere contaminants. Consistent sampling and analysis have allowed for trending of the concentrations of chemicals present in the ISS atmosphere.…”

Section: Archival Samples and Trendingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10] The Mir atmosphere was sampled several days before docking, several hours before docking, after docking and opening the hatch, and several hours after hatch opening and the start of IMV. From the analysis of samples obtained prior to and after docking of the Priroda module, several trends were observed.…”

Section: Cole Et Al Characterized the Impact Of Docking And Integratmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cabin Air Quality on Board Mir and the International Space Station - A Comparison

Macatangay

Perry

2007

SAE Technical Paper Series

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The maintenance of the cabin atmosphere aboard spacecraft is critical not only to its habitability but also to its function. Ideally, air quality can be maintained by striking a proper balance between the generation and removal of contaminants. Both very dynamic processes, the balance between generation and removal can be difficult to maintain and control because the state of the cabin atmosphere is in constant evolution responding to different perturbations. Typically, maintaining a clean cabin environment on board crewed spacecraft and space habitats is the central function of the environmental control and life support (ECLS) system. While active air quality control equipment is deployed on board every vehicle to remove carbon dioxide, water vapor, and trace chemical components from the cabin atmosphere, perturbations associated with logistics, vehicle construction and maintenance, and ECLS system configuration influence the resulting cabin atmospheric quality. The air-quality data obtained from the International Space Station (ISS) and NASA-Mir programs provides a wealth of information regarding the maintenance of the cabin atmosphere aboard long-lived space habitats. A comparison of the composition of the trace chemical contaminant load is presented. Correlations between ground-based and in-flight operations that influence cabin atmospheric quality are identified and discussed, and observations on cabin atmospheric quality during the NASA-Mir expeditions and the International Space Station are explored.

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Section: Archival Samples and Trendingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cole Et Al Characterized the Impact Of Docking And Integratmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cabin Air Quality on Board Mir and the International Space Station - A Comparison

Macatangay

Perry

2007

SAE Technical Paper Series

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“…Air quality may be compromised by human metabolites, contaminants that have escaped from containment (fuels, coolants, and ongoing experiments), outgassing from materials, and thermal degradation byproducts. Some studies have even shown a rise in contaminant concentrations after docking of resupply vehicles [48], indicating that a spacecraft is not a completely closed environment.…”

Section: Monitoring Cabin Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometry in the U.S. space program: Past, present, and future

Palmer

Limero

2001

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Recent years have witnessed significant progress on the miniaturization of mass spectrometers for a variety of field applications. This article describes the development and application of mass spectrometry (MS) instrumentation to support of goals of the U.S. space program. Its main focus is on the two most common space-related applications of MS: studying the composition of planetary atmospheres and monitoring air quality on manned space missions. Both sets of applications present special requirements in terms of analytical performance (sensitivity, selectivity, speed, etc.), logistical considerations (space, weight, and power requirements), and deployment in perhaps the harshest of all possible environments (space). The MS instruments deployed on the Pioneer Venus and Mars Viking Lander missions are reviewed for the purposes of illustrating the unique features of the sample introduction systems, mass analyzers, and vacuum systems, and for presenting their specifications which are impressive even by today's standards. The various approaches for monitoring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cabin atmospheres are also reviewed. In the past, ground-based GC/MS instruments have been used to identify and quantify VOCs in archival samples collected during the Mercury, Apollo, Skylab, Space Shuttle, and Mir missions. Some of the data from the more recent missions are provided to illustrate the composition data obtained and to underscore the need for instrumentation to perform such monitoring in situ. Lastly, the development of two emerging technologies, Direct Sampling Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry (DSITMS) and GC/Ion Mobility Spectrometry (GC/IMS), will be discussed to illustrate their potential utility for future missions. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2001, 12, 656 -675)

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Maintaining and Monitoring the Habitable Environment of the International Space Station

Macatangay¹,

Townsend²,

Prokhorov³

2008

SAE Int. J. Aerosp.

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The Application of Grab and Time Integrated Sampling to the Characterization of Trace Contaminants Contributed by the Docking and Integration of the Priroda Module to Space Station Mir

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Cabin Air Quality on Board Mir and the International Space Station - A Comparison

Cabin Air Quality on Board Mir and the International Space Station - A Comparison

Mass spectrometry in the U.S. space program: Past, present, and future

Maintaining and Monitoring the Habitable Environment of the International Space Station

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