Sanger sequencing, also known as dideoxy sequencing,
is a widely
used method for DNA sequencing, particularly for cloned plasmids and
clinical samples. This technique requires a combination of essential
biochemistry skills, such as a chain-termination reaction, gel electrophoresis,
and fluorescence detection. Unfortunately, there is a lack of activities
that replicate the Sanger sequencing process for students to learn
and practice these skills. To address this issue, a manipulative-based
Sanger sequencing activity was developed that incorporates colorful
pop beads to demonstrate a chain-termination reaction, separation
of products, and fluorescence detection. The beads represent deoxynucleotides
and dideoxynucleotides, allowing for a visual representation of DNA
fragment generation. This kinesthetic learning activity offers a high
visual impact for students, aiding in their understanding of the Sanger
sequencing process, and can also be used to illustrate polymerase
chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques.