The application of non-destructive techniques to the testing of a wind turbine blade

Sutherland, Herbert J.; Beattie, A.G.; Hansche, Bruce D.; Musiał, W.; Allread, J. S.; Johnson, J. T.; Summers, Mathew J.

doi:10.2172/10184661

Cited by 46 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Acoustic emissions have shown great promise in detecting the primary failure site of blades, in real time, while they were being tested in laboratory environments [209,212]. Of primary importance is the ability of this technique to also identifi areas of seconda~damage.…”

Section: Nondestructive Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Fatigue Analysis of Wind Turbines

Sutherland¹

1999

168

146

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Section: Nondestructive Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Fatigue Analysis of Wind Turbines

Sutherland¹

1999

168

146

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“…18,19,20,21,22 This paper, however, will focus on the SHM and NDT techniques that were applied during a fatigue test of the TX-100 wind turbine blade. The specifics of each SHM and NDT technique used will be individually described in the Test Setup section that follows.…”

Section: Structural Health Monitoring Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Results of Structural Health Monitoring of Wind Turbine Blades

Rumsey

Paquette

Beattie

et al. 2008

46th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit

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A 9 meter TX-100 wind turbine blade, developed under a Sandia National Laboratories R&D program, was recently fatigue tested to blade failure at the National Renewable Energy Laboratories, National Wind Technology Center. The fatigue test provided an opportunity to exercise a number of structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques and nondestructive testing (NDT) systems. The SHM systems were provided by teams from NASA Kennedy Space Center, Purdue University and Virginia Tech (VT). The NASA and VT impedance-based SHM systems used separate but similar arrays of Smart Material macro-fiber composite actuators and sensors. Their actuator activation techniques were different. The Purdue SHM setup consisted of several arrays of PCB accelerometers and exercised a variety of passive and active SHM techniques, including virtual and restoring force methods. A commercial off-the-shelf Physical Acoustics Corporation acoustic emission (AE) NDT system gathered blade AE data throughout the test. At a fatigue cycle rate around 1.2 Hertz, and after more than 4,000,000 fatigue cycles, the blade was diagnostically and visibly failing at the blade spar cap termination point at 4.5 meters. For safety reasons, the test was stopped just before the blade completely failed. This paper provides an overview of the SHM and NDT system setups, and some test results.

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“…Under an ultimate strength test, failure of E-glass blades typically occurs at approximately 4000 micro strains, 16 which corresponds to a material strength of 110 MPa. To account for residual stresses, an allowable stress level of 94 MPa was used (15% knockdown).…”

Section: Cost Of Energy Computationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blade Design Trade-Offs Using Low-Lift Airfoils for Stall-Regulated HAWTs

Giguère

Selig

Tangler

1999

Journal of Solar Energy Engineering

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A systematic blade design study was conducted to explore the trade-offs in using low-lift airfoils for a 750-kilowatt stall-regulated wind turbine. Tip-region airfoils having a maximum lift coefficient ranging from 0.7−1.2 were considered in this study, with the main objective of identifying the practical lower limit for the maximum lift coefficient. Blades were optimized for both maximum annual energy production and minimum cost of energy using a method that takes into account aerodynamic and structural considerations. The results indicate that reducing the maximum lift coefficient below the upper limit considered in this study increases the cost of energy independently of the wind regime. As a consequence, higher maximum lift coefficient airfoils for the tip-region of the blade become more desirable as machine size increases, as long as they provide gentle stall characteristics. The conclusions are applicable to large wind turbines that use passive or active stall to regulate peak power.

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The application of non-destructive techniques to the testing of a wind turbine blade

Abstract: Prepared by Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, New Mexlco 87185 and Livermore, California 94550 for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

Cited by 46 publications

References 1 publication

On the Fatigue Analysis of Wind Turbines

On the Fatigue Analysis of Wind Turbines

Experimental Results of Structural Health Monitoring of Wind Turbine Blades

Blade Design Trade-Offs Using Low-Lift Airfoils for Stall-Regulated HAWTs

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