The application of peptide nucleic acid probes for rapid detection and enumeration of eubacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in recreational beaches of S. Florida

Esiobu, Nwadiuto; Mohammed, Renuka; Echeverry, Andrea; Green, Melissa; Bonilla, Tonya D.; Hartz, Aaron J.; McCorquodale, Donald; Rogerson, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2003.12.005

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Several studies (Yoshpe-Purer & Golderman 1987, Esiobu et al 2004and Stewart et al 2008 showed that Pseudomonas aeruoginosa can be isolated from seawater and beach sand. In the sand of seven beaches of India, P. aeruoginosa represented 0 -8.3 × 10 4 CFU per 100 g dry wt of sand (Clark et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many strains of Staphylococcus aureus were also isolated from the seawater and the sand of two popular beaches in Chile (Prado et al 1994), as well as in Greece − along the northern coast of the Saronicos Gulf (Efstratiou et al 1998). The main source of S. aureus in recreational waters is probably bathers, who harbor the bacteria in their nasal membranes, on their skin and other parts of the body that come in contact with water during bathing and swimming (Yoshpe-Purer & Golderman 1987, Esiobu et al 2004, Elmir et al 2007). The presence of S. aureus in marine coastal environments may be considered as a source of skin, eye and ear infections and gastrointestinal diseases among bathers (Gabutti et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most related studies (Yoshpe-Purer & Golderman 1987, Kueh et al 1995, Clark et al 2003, Esiobu et al 2004, Mancini et al 2005 confirm the presence of pathogenic bacteria in the seawater and in the beach sand. However, studies of pathogenic bacteria present in the sand of coastal beaches of the Baltic Sea are limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…leads to a potential disease , Elmir et al 2007). Swimming in the seawater and recreational activities on the sandy beach contaminated with pathogenic bacteria may cause skin, eye, ear, or nose infection, gastroenteritis, hepatitis, meningitis, salmonellosis, shigellosis, respiratory diseases, occurrence of dermatitis and mycosis (Kueh et al 1992, Efstratiou 2001, Vieira et al 2001, Esiobu et al 2004, Stewart et al 2008. Over 250 million cases of gastroenteritis, 50 million cases of respiratory diseases and 5 − 10 million cases of hepatitis are reported every year from coastal regions all over the world (Clark et al 2003, Yamahara et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of potentially human pathogenic bacteria in the seawater and in the sand of the recreational coastal beach in the southern Baltic Sea

Mudryk

Gackowska

Skórczewski

et al. 2014

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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The occurrence and the distribution of potentially human pathogenic bacteria such as Aeromonas, Pseudomonas aeruoginosa, Staphylococcus and Vibrio-like organisms in the sand and the adjacent seawater of the recreational coastal beach were studied. The highest mean number among these four studied groups of bacteria was represented by Aeromonas-like organisms and the lowest one by Staphylococcus-like organisms. Dry sand was inhabited by the highest number of all studied potentially pathogenic bacteria. Within a year, the number of the studied bacteria inhabiting the sand and the seawater showed considerable monthly changes. There were differences in the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria between the surface and the subsurface sand layers with a clear decrease in their number toward the deeper layers of the sand.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Occurrence of potentially human pathogenic bacteria in the seawater and in the sand of the recreational coastal beach in the southern Baltic Sea

Mudryk

Gackowska

Skórczewski

et al. 2014

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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“…S. aureus possesses a wide tolerance for environmental stresses such as high salinity and variations in osmotic pressure. High levels of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, previously reported at three South Florida beaches (Esiobu et al, 2004), may be explained by the ability of these organisms to replicate in sand over a range of conditions, and the sand may also offer an environment favorable to pathogen growth through biofilm development (Hartz et al, 2008). Biofilms provide protection against extreme changes in moisture, salinity, and other environmental variables as well as provide some protection against predators, as reviewed in Fanning and Mitchell (2012).…”

Section: Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 96%

Routine screening of harmful microorganisms in beach sands: Implications to public health

Sabino

Rodrigues

Costa

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

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Beaches worldwide provide recreational opportunities to hundreds of millions of people and serve as important components of coastal economies. Beach water is often monitored for microbiological quality to detect the presence of indicators of human sewage contamination so as to prevent public health outbreaks associated with water contact. However, growing evidence suggests that beach sand can harbor microbes harmful to human health, often in concentrations greater than the beach water. Currently, there are no standards for monitoring, sampling, analyzing, or managing beach sand quality. In addition to indicator microbes, growing evidence has identified pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and fungi in a variety of beach sands worldwide. The public health threat associated with these populations through direct and indirect contact is unknown because so little research has been conducted relating to health outcomes associated with sand quality. In this manuscript, we present the consensus findings of a workshop of experts convened in Lisbon, Portugal to discuss the current state of knowledge on beach sand microbiological quality and to develop suggestions for standardizing the evaluation of sand at coastal beaches. The expert group at the "Microareias 2012" workshop recommends that 1) beach sand should be screened for a variety of pathogens harmful to human health, and sand monitoring should then be initiated alongside regular water monitoring; 2) sampling and analysis protocols should be standardized to allow proper comparisons among beach locations; and 3) further studies are needed to estimate human health risk with exposure to contaminated beach sand. Much of the manuscript is focused on research specific to Portugal, but similar results have been found elsewhere, and the findings have worldwide implications.

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Prevalence and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus on Public Recreational Beaches in Northeast Ohio

et al. 2017

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Staphylococcus aureus can cause severe life‐threatening illnesses such as sepsis and endocarditis. Although S. aureus has been isolated from marine water and intertidal beach sand, only a few studies have been conducted to assess prevalence of S. aureus at freshwater recreational beaches. As such, we aimed to determine prevalence and molecular characteristics of S. aureus in water and sand at 10 freshwater recreational beaches in Northeast Ohio, USA. Samples were analyzed using standard microbiology methods, and resulting isolates were typed by spa typing and multilocus sequence typing. The overall prevalence of S. aureus in sand and water samples was 22.8% (64/280). The prevalence of methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was 8.2% (23/280). The highest prevalence was observed in summer (45.8%; 55/120) compared to fall (4.2%; 5/120) and spring (10.0%; 4/40). The overall prevalence of Panton‐Valentine leukocidin genes among S. aureus isolates was 21.4% (15/70), and 27 different spa types were identified. The results of this study indicate that beach sand and freshwater of Northeast Ohio were contaminated with S. aureus, including MRSA. The high prevalence of S. aureus in summer months and presence of human‐associated strains may indicate the possibility of role of human activity in S. aureus contamination of beach water and sand. While there are several possible routes for S. aureus contamination, S. aureus prevalence was higher in sites with wastewater treatment plants proximal to the beaches.

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The application of peptide nucleic acid probes for rapid detection and enumeration of eubacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in recreational beaches of S. Florida

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Occurrence of potentially human pathogenic bacteria in the seawater and in the sand of the recreational coastal beach in the southern Baltic Sea

Occurrence of potentially human pathogenic bacteria in the seawater and in the sand of the recreational coastal beach in the southern Baltic Sea

Routine screening of harmful microorganisms in beach sands: Implications to public health

Prevalence and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus on Public Recreational Beaches in Northeast Ohio

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