The application of physical factors in the medical rehabilitation of children with osteochondropathy of the spine. Literature review

Abstract

One of the most urgent and socially significant problems of modern medicine is the widespread occurrence of orthopedic pathology, among which the leading place is occupied by diseases of the spine, accompanied by a steady increase in pain vertebrogenic syndromes that affect the functioning of the child's body as a whole. The prevalence of this nosological form in children, according to various population studies, ranges from 0.42 to 37%. ScheuermannMau disease (Scheuermanns kyphosis) is the most common osteochondropathy in children and adolescents and ranges from 0.48.3% of the pediatric population.
 To date, the etiology of osteochondropathy of the spine is still unclear.
 Medical rehabilitation of children with osteochondropathy of the spine is aimed at preventing further progression of deformity, normalizing posture, the functions of the cardio-respiratory system and includes: rational motor mode and nutrition, conservative orthopedic measures (corsetting), kinesiotherapy, hydrocolonotherapy, massage, positional treatment, restorative and hardening procedures, physiotherapy (electrical muscle stimulation), sports (skiing, swimming).
 An important place in the review is given to the description of the stages of medical rehabilitation of children and adolescents with dorsalgia on the background of spinal osteochondropathy who underwent surgical treatment.