The Application of Sodium Acetate as Concrete Permeability-Reducing Admixtures

13C, 27Al and 29Si NMR Investigation of the Hydration Kinetics of Portland-Limestone Cement Pastes Containing CH3-COO−-R+ (R=H or Na) Additives

“…Evidently, the formation of aragonite in the samples containing organic additives begins only on the second day of hydration, while the fraction of the initial amorphous CaCO 3 in the CSA sample, on the first day, is much lower than for the other samples. This observation can be attributed to the fact that the acetate ion (CH 3 COO − ) can be adsorbed on the surface of the anhydrated cement microparticles and prevent their hydration [ 10 , 23 ], and also the crystallization of new phases [ 24 ]. However, in the case of acetic acid addition, the acidity of the pore solution increases, and this increase, at the initial stage of hydration, contributes to the dissolution of the fine particles of the anhydrated cement.…”

“…In this work, we decided to study the effect of commonly used additives, such as sodium acetate and its parent acid, on the hydration kinetics of Portland-limestone cement. Sodium acetate is used as anti-freeze additive [ 9 ], as well as for reducing the permeability of concrete to water and sulfate ions [ 10 ]. Acetic acid, in turn, is used to control the hardening time of cement [ 11 ].…”

An overview of a twofold effect of crystalline admixtures in cement-based materials: from permeability-reducers to self-healing stimulators

“…Likewise, a report [61] attested that mortars with CA up to 2% contributed to increasing the compressive strength in a sulphuric acid attack rather than in a non-aggressive environment; however, the same trend was not followed for capillary water absorption, regardless of the type of exposure. Some results [56] showed that the CA's inclusion reduced the water penetration depth in normal strength concretes. The performance of CA was considerably better in conventional concretes rather than in a highstrength concretes.…”