The Appreciation of Humor in Captioned Cartoons

Herzog, Thomas; Larwin, David A.

doi:10.1080/00223980.1988.9915534

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…So-called aggressive humor would be such a candidate, since aggressive/hostile humor was often postulated to be a relevant humor category. However, other research groups could also not verify such a category, although enough potential representatives were carefully included in the item pool factor analyzed (Herzog and Larwin 1988;Kosuch and Köhler 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-cultural study of humor appreciation: Italy and Germany

Ruch¹,

Forabosco²

1996

Humr

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The present study examines the cross-national stability ofafactor analyti-cally derived taxonomy ofjokes and cartoons. A sample oflOOfemale and 48 male Italian adults responded to Italian translations ofthe 3 WD humor test (Ruch 1983) which is aimed at measuring funniness and aversiveness of incongruity-resolution, nonsense, and sexual humor. The results were compared with that of a German sample of98female and 50 male adults. Funniness and degree of controversiality of these humor categories were compared in Italy and Germany, and a comparison of the mean humor appreciation profile was undertaken. The results showed that the taxonomy derivedfrom German andAustrian samples can be applied to Italian samples äs well; the factor structures were very similar both at the level ofthe factors themselves and at the level of individualjokes and cartoons. Furthermore, comparable rank orders of perceived quality and controversiality ofjokes and cartoons of the sexual humor category were obtainedfor both samples. The Italian sample scored higher in appreciation of sexual humor and lower infunniness of nonsense humor than the German sample.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-cultural study of humor appreciation: Italy and Germany

Ruch¹,

Forabosco²

1996

Humr

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“…Cartoons can be classified in relation to formal or structural aspects (i.e., drawing style, resolvability of the incongruity, proportion of visual and verbal elements, etc.). There is evidence from several behavioral studies that formal as well as structural elements of the stimuli influence humor perception and processing (e.g., Herzog & Larwin, 1988;Huber & Leder, 1997;Ruch & Hehl, 1998;Samson & Huber, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive humor processing: Different logical mechanisms in nonverbal cartoons—an fMRI study

Samson¹,

Zysset²,

Huber³

2008

Social Neuroscience

126

121

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Although recent fMRI studies on humor have begun to elucidate cognitive and affective neural correlates, they weren't able to distinguish between different logical mechanisms or steps of humor processing, i.e., the detection of an incongruity and its resolution. This fMRI study aimed to focus in more detail on cognitive humor processing. In order to investigate pure incongruity resolution without preprocessing steps, nonverbal cartoons differing in their logical mechanisms were contrasted with nonhumorous pictures containing an irresolvable incongruity. The logical mechanisms were: (1) visual puns (visual resemblance, PUNs); (2) semantic cartoons (pure semantic relationships, SEMs); and (3) Theory of Mind cartoons (which require additionally mentalizing abilities, TOMs). Thirty cartoons from each condition were presented to 17 healthy subjects while acquiring fMR images. The results reveal a left-sided network involved in pure incongruity resolution: e.g., temporo-parietal junction, inferior frontal gyrus and ventromedian prefrontal cortex. These areas are also involved in processing of SEMs, whereas PUNs show more activation in the extrastriate cortex and TOMs show more activation in socalled mentalizing areas. Processing of pictures containing an irresolvable incongruity evokes activation in the rostral cingulate zone, which might reflect error processing. We conclude that cognitive processing of different logical mechanisms depends on separate neural networks.

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“…Karabas (1990) analyzed the e¤ect of hair as one formal element in Turkish cartoons with respect to viewers' attitude toward the persons and situations in the cartoons. Herzog and Larwin (1988) studied humor appreciation for captioned cartoons as a function of cartoon category and eight predictor variables: complexity, di‰culty, fit (how well the caption fits the drawing), depth between the surface meaning and the deeper meaning of the cartoon, visual humor, artwork, vulgarity, and originality. Cartoons judged to have the most originality and the best fit were appreciated most.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction of cartoonist's gender and formal features of cartoons

Samson¹,

Huber²

2007

Humor – International Journal of Humor Research

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The present study investigates gender di¤erences in the use of formal features of cartoons, like the amount of text, the number of panels, or the application of color. For the analysis, 300 cartoons (150 each by female and male cartoonists) were selected randomly from the works of 1519 cartoonists. Twenty-one formal features were analyzed. On average, female cartoonists use more text, include text more frequently, and also draw more panels. These di¤erences were expected, because Di¤erential Psychology has shown for a long time in a variety of cultures that, on average, women tend to perform better in tasks testing verbal intelligence whereas men perform significantly better in tasks that require spatial intelligence. We also found a di¤erence in the type of joke: Women more frequently draw cartoons with incongruity-resolution humor, whereas men prefer to draw cartoons with nonsense humor. The results are discussed in relation to gender di¤erences in humor processing and gender di¤erences in general.

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The Appreciation of Humor in Captioned Cartoons

Cited by 29 publications

References 4 publications

A cross-cultural study of humor appreciation: Italy and Germany

A cross-cultural study of humor appreciation: Italy and Germany

Cognitive humor processing: Different logical mechanisms in nonverbal cartoons—an fMRI study

The interaction of cartoonist's gender and formal features of cartoons

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