The Arabic version of the Parental Stressor Scale: psychometric properties and Jordanian parents’ stress during child admission to PICU

Abstract

This paper presents an exploration of the validity and reliability of the translated Arabic version of the original English version

Nursing Interventions to Reduce Stress in Families of Critical Care Patients: An Integrative Review

“…For the PICU population, the main stressors identified by the families were similar to those found in the NICU population. These included the alteration of parenting, 8,12,17,18,20,47 the appearance and behavior of the child, 1,12,[16][17][18]20 the care environment, 1,[16][17][18]20 and communication with the health care staff. 17 These stressors are linked to the PSS: PICU.…”

“…The interventions that have been suggested to help family members cope with these stressors aim to foster parental involvement. 12,16,18,20 For example, Lisanti et al 12 suggested encouraging mothers to become actively involved in their child's care by teaching them to carry out simple procedures. The interventions also focused on the development of a visiting schedule for parents to enable them to be present in the ICU at appropriate times and rest at other times.…”

“…9,44,53 They should follow up with family members on a daily basis to help them develop coping strategies and identify their needs for support 24,28,42,45,52,53 and potential stressors, 17,31,44 with consideration given to the family's particular circumstances and previous experience 11,45 as well as the potential impact of the present experience on the family. 3,8,20 This approach may make it possible to implement tailored interventions, as needed, that are flexible and accommodate individualized coping strategies. The intensive care nurse is the main point of interaction between the health care team and the family and thus has a crucial role to play in supporting the family through the ICU experience.…”

“…No meta-analyses or systematic reviews were found on the subject, and many of the studies identified were conducted in developing countries. 1,16,20,31,33 This is an important consideration because sociodemographic factors such as religious or cultural beliefs and socioeconomic status can influence the ICU experience.…”

“…9 The parents of children admitted to pediatric ICUs (PICUs) have also reported experiencing considerable stress related to the experience. 1,8,12,[16][17][18]20 The findings of a study by Gladston et al 27 showed that 56% of fathers and 52% of mothers exhibited moderate stress during their child's ICU hospitalization. Parents experienced significantly higher stress when the child was intubated, 1,17,18 received inotropic agents, 1 and had a more unstable health condition 1,17 and when the hospital stay was prolonged.…”