The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi status of selected tree nurseries in the Ethiopian highlands

Asmelash, Fisseha; Bekele, Tamrat; Kebede, Fassil; Belay, Zerihun

doi:10.1007/s11676-020-01169-9

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The SA found in this study, across the land uses (3.4–25.3 spores g −1 ), was comparable to the SA reported (3.6–9.9) and (0.9–14.6) spores g −1 by Birhane et al (2018) and (2020) for two of the remnant DAF of northern Ethiopia. It was also comparable to the values (1.3–24.6 spores g −1 ) reported from DAF nurseries of central and northern Ethiopia (Asmelash et al, 2021) but was much lower than the SA values reported (41.0–129.0 g −1 ) by Delelegn et al (2017) across land uses in the DAF ecosystem in north Ethiopia. This difference could, to some extent, be related to the difference in the lowest sieve size used to separate spores (53 μm used in this study vs. 38 μm).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…After growing the Z. mays for 6 weeks, the shoot was cut off and the soil carefully washed off the roots to prepare them for AMF root colonization determination. AMF colonization was determined following the ink and vinegar technique as described by Vierheilig et al (1998) and using black Hero® fountain pen ink (Asmelash et al, 2021). Roots were cleared in 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) in an autoclave for 10 min (Brundrett et al, 1996), and cleared roots were stained overnight at room temperature in 5% ink (black Hero fountain pen ink, made in China) in vinegar (common food grade white vinegar or 5% acetic acid).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dry evergreen Afromontane forests (DAF) of Ethiopia potentially comprise a large proportion of the world's tropical and subtropical dry forests (Lemenih & Itanna, 2004). Most of these forests have been deforested and the remaining ones are severely degraded (Asmelash et al, 2021). Hence, DAF restoration is a national ecosystem restoration priority in Ethiopia (MEFCC, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil physicochemical property and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi resilience to degradation and deforestation of a dry evergreen Afromontane forest in central Ethiopia

et al. 2021

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We investigated the soil physicochemical property and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) resilience to the degradation and deforestation of a dry evergreen Afromontane forest, the Chilimo Forest (CF). Topsoil (1‐10 cm) physicochemical property, AMF spore abundance (SA), and AMF infectivity were determined across four land uses, viz., natural forest (NF), shrubland (ShL), cropland (CrL), and grazing land (GrL). According to the permutational multivariate analysis of variance and nonmetric multidimensional scaling results, soil physicochemical property was resilient to degradation (NF‐ShL conversion) but not deforestation (NF‐CrL or NF‐GrL conversions) of CF. The one‐way ANOVA results indicated that most soil physicochemical variables were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by land‐use change. Soil organic matter and total nitrogen, in particular, reduced significantly (p < 0.05) by up to 48% and 57% due to NF‐CrL and NF‐GrL conversions, respectively. Whereas SA was found to be resilient to both CF degradation and deforestation, AMF infectivity was resilient only to NF‐CrL conversion. Generally, our results did not show a similar pattern in soil physicochemical property, SA, and AMF infectivity resilience to degradation and deforestation. However, in the case of NF‐GrL conversion, both soil physicochemical property and AMF infectivity exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) low resilience. Based on our results, we conclude that soil physicochemical property and AMF are important factors to consider in CF restoration planning. When planting sites are either the croplands or grazing lands, soil amendment could be recommended. AMF inoculation, however, could be recommended when the planting sites are grazing lands. These recommendations may also apply widely to dry evergreen Afromontane forests restoration but additional studies are required.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil physicochemical property and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi resilience to degradation and deforestation of a dry evergreen Afromontane forest in central Ethiopia

et al. 2021

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“…There was no difference in mycorrhizal colonization in M. brauna, indicating that AMF species in the soil from an adult plant can colonize the plant's roots (Figure 4b) because there are local adaptations among plants and AMF (van der Putten et al, 2013;Revillini et al, 2016). Thus, there are differences in mycorrhizal colonization depending on the successional group of host species, as well as the diameter and density of the root tissue (Zangaro et al, 2013;Asmelash et al, 2021), P. reticulata has fine roots, while M. brauna has thick roots, with few root hairs. The root architecture influences the hydraulic and nutritional performance of the plants and the responsiveness of AMF colonization, in M. brauna for example, that is poor in root hairs, it is suggested higher responsiveness on soil microbial symbionts, such as phosphate-solubilizing ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The original size of the Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado has been reduced, respectively, to less than 12 % (Ribeiro et al, 2009) and 45 % (Machado et al, 2004), which leads to the extinction of several species (Brooks et al, 2002) and, consequently, the loss of ecosystem services. It is important to restore areas to reverse this scenario by reintroducing native species (Duarte et al, 2015;Shaw, 2019;Asmelash et al, 2021) for directing the revegetation process. Some native forest species, such as Plathymenia reticulata Benth., have desirable characteristics for reforestation (Lacerda et al, 2001;Lacerda et al, 2002), as well as the commercial value because of the durability and quality of the wood (Lorenzi, 1992;Carvalho, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal inoculation and phosphorus fertilization show contrasts on native species of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado

Júnior¹,

Moreira²,

Silva³

et al. 2021

Revista Brasileira De Ciência Do Solo

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Restoration of degraded sites by using native plants like Plathymenia reticulata Benth. and Melanoxylon brauna Schot. is advisable. However, seedlings of both species, when raised on commercial substrates, may present low survival. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of seedlings under inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The seedlings were raised on soil sampled from near an adult plant of the same species. The P. reticulata and M. brauna seedlings were grown with or without the inoculation of a mix of three species of AMF (Rhizophagus clarus, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and Gigaspora albida), and five doses of P (0, 50, 150, 300, and 450 mg dm -3 of P). All seedlings were inoculated with Bradyrhizobium sp., isolated from each species. After 90 days, P. reticulata inoculated with AMF showed higher growth and nutrient content than those uninoculated, and the maximum plant growth was obtained when received 160 to 280 mg dm -3 of P. On the other hand, no effects of AMF inoculation or phosphate fertilization were observed on M. brauna. For both species, no effect of inoculation was observed on mycorrhizal colonization, and M. brauna, unlike P. reticulata presented a considerable number of nodules. We conclude that inoculation with AMF and P fertilization improves the growth of P. reticulata seedlings but does not promote the growth of M. brauna; presenting the necessity to investigate each species.

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Cordia africana but not Juniperus procera and Podocarpus falcatus respond positively to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at the early stages of seedling development

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Asmelash F, Bekele T, Belay Z, Kebede F. 2021. Cordia africana but not Juniperus procera and Podocarpus falcatus respond positively to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at the early stages of seedling development. Biodiversitas 22: 2971-2980. AMF (Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) inoculation could be an important technology to improve the growth and field survival of trees. Hence, we evaluated the mycorrhizal responsiveness of Cordia africana Lam., Juniperus procera (Hoechst. ex Endl.), and Podocarpus falcatus (Thumb.) Mirb. seedlings. Seedlings germinated on sterile sand were transplanted to 1-liter plastic pots filled with sterile and non-sterile degraded bulk soil. Rhizospheric soil from adult C. africana and J. procera were used as whole-soil AMF inocula. Cordia africana and J. procera received conspecific whole-soil AMF inocula while P. falcatus received J. procera inoculum. Hence, in the two-by-two factorial experiment, we also evaluated the growth effects of AMF inoculation, soil type, and their interaction. On the sterile potting soil, MRi (mycorrhizal responsiveness due to AMF inoculation) of C. africana was positive and significantly (p<0.05) greater than the MRi of J. procera and P. falcatus. However, on the non-sterile potting soil, it was significantly greater than the MRi of P. falcatus only. MRs (MR due to the existing potting soil inocula) and considering all growth variables were mostly positive for C. africana but negative for J. procera and P. falcatus. AMF inoculation significantly increased most growth variables of C. africana seedlings and no significant “inoculation” x “soil type” interaction effects were detected. Hence, AMF inoculation of C. africana seedlings could be merited and under wide range of field conditions. In the case of J. procera and P. falcatus, after-planting care could be more appropriate

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The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi status of selected tree nurseries in the Ethiopian highlands

Cited by 6 publications

References 43 publications

Soil physicochemical property and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi resilience to degradation and deforestation of a dry evergreen Afromontane forest in central Ethiopia

Soil physicochemical property and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi resilience to degradation and deforestation of a dry evergreen Afromontane forest in central Ethiopia

Mycorrhizal inoculation and phosphorus fertilization show contrasts on native species of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado

Cordia africana but not Juniperus procera and Podocarpus falcatus respond positively to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at the early stages of seedling development

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