The Archaeology of Early Medieval Ireland

Edwards, Nancy

doi:10.4324/9780203433782

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…We are aware of only one stone crucible, which was recovered from a Viking Age context in Rogaland, Norway (catalog S3335c, Museum of Archaeology, University of Stavanger). Small crucibles with circular plan and either flat or conical bases have been recovered from Early Mediaeval sites in the British Isles including one stone specimen from Garranes in Ireland (Edwards, ). The presence of bronze traces in the crucible from Baffin Island is notable, as brass (copper–zinc alloy) is more characteristic of finds from Scandinavia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of Early Metalworking in Arctic Canada

Sutherland¹,

Thompson²,

Hunt

2014

Geoarchaeology

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This paper examines new evidence related to an early (pre‐Columbian) European presence in Arctic Canada. Artifacts from archaeological sites that had been assumed to relate to pre‐Inuit indigenous occupations of the region in the centuries around A.D. 1000 have recently been recognized as having been manufactured using European technologies. We report here on the SEM‐EDS analysis of a small stone vessel recovered from a site on Baffin Island. The interior of the vessel contains abundant traces of copper–tin alloy (bronze) as well as glass spherules similar to those associated with high‐temperature processes. These results indicate that it had been used as a crucible. This artifact may represent the earliest evidence of high‐temperature nonferrous metalworking in the New World north of Mesoamerica.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of Early Metalworking in Arctic Canada

Sutherland¹,

Thompson²,

Hunt

2014

Geoarchaeology

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“…The fragile, heavy and bulky nature of pottery, impractical during travel, may explain the move to more durable organic vessels in the period. However, Ireland remained aceramic right into the early medieval period when there is significant evidence for a pastoral economy, but no evidence for nomadism (Edwards ; McCormick et al . ).…”

Section: New Lifewaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Elites: ReassessingIrishIronAge Society

Dolan¹

2014

Oxford J Archaeology

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Summary The past two decades have seen an expansion of archaeological activity on the island of Ireland that has transformed our knowledge and understanding of most periods in Irish prehistory and history. However, Iron Age sites and artefacts remain rare finds and are often ephemeral, particularly in the case of settlements. It is now clear that the peculiarly sparse record of the Irish Iron Age is genuinely representative of the surviving archaeology. It is also clear that this evidence does not fit the traditional ‘Celtic’ picture of warrior elites, druids and tribal hierarchies imported from other regions and later insular texts. This paper proposes an alternative model for the Irish Iron Age of the first millennium BC, one that centres on nomadism and heterarchy.

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“…In some estimations we also include areas with (fertile) gleysol. This is a wetland soil (FAO, 2006), which is described as being poorly drained by Edwards (1990).…”

Section: Main Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But there may be other soils that would gain from the heavy plough. Gleysol, which is a wetland soil (FAO, 2006), is described by Edwards (1990) as poorly drained soil for the case of the Ireland. Since one of the advantages of the heavy plough was its ability to assist drainage, we add this soil to our plough measure, both in order to test the sensitivity of our choice of luvisol but also to test for a potential impact in these areas.…”

Section: Measure Including Gleysolmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Heavy Plough and the Agricultural Revolution in Medieval Europe

2013

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This research tests the long-standing hypothesis put forth by Lynn White, Jr. (1962) that the adoption of the heavy plough in Northern Europe led to increased population density and urbanization. White argued that it was impossible to take proper advantage of the fertile clay soils of Northern Europe before the invention and widespread adoption of the heavy plough. We implement the test in a difference-indifference setup by exploiting regional variation in the presence of fertile clay soils across European regions as well as across Danish historical counties. Consistent with the hypothesis, we find that regions with relatively more fertile clay soil experienced higher urbanization and population growth after the heavy plough had its breakthrough, which was approximately around the closing of the first millennium AD. Our findings suggest that the heavy plough accounts for around 10% of the increase in urbanization and population density during the High Middle Ages.

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The Archaeology of Early Medieval Ireland

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Evidence of Early Metalworking in Arctic Canada

Evidence of Early Metalworking in Arctic Canada

Beyond Elites: ReassessingIrishIronAge Society

The Heavy Plough and the Agricultural Revolution in Medieval Europe

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