“…Although the findings from this research have not always been consistent, there has been much support for the proposition that music is positively related to academic achievement, cognitive functioning, and behavioral changes. That said, while the outcomes have been positive for middle-class children few studies to date have examined the effects of music on low-income children's academic achievement and behavior (Brown & Sax, 2013;Brown, Benedett, & Armistead, 2010;Brown, Garnett, Velazquez-Martin, & Mellor, 2018). Moreover, even fewer studies have examined the relationship between the arts broadly defined and children's school readiness and overall development (National Endowment of the Arts, 2011, 2015).…”