The Asian Values Scale: Development, factor analysis, validation, and reliability.

Abstract

Multicultural researchers and theorists have noted that client adherence to culture-of-origin values plays an important role in the provision of culturally relevant and sensitive psychological services. However, lack of instruments that measure ethnic cultural values has been a shortcoming in past research that attempted to examine this relationship. In this article, the development of the Asian Values Scale (AVS) is described, and the results of 4 studies investigating the psychometric properties of the AVS are reported. The results indicate that the AVS has adequate internal and 2-week test-retest reliability. Also, factor analysis and comparisons of AVS scores to scores on the Individualism-

The impact of asian values and victim−perpetrator closeness on the disclosure of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse.

“…The AVS-R correlates strongly with the original AVS (Pearson correlation coefficient ϭ .93, p Ͻ .01), and has demonstrated adequate reliability (person separation reliability ϭ .80; Kim & Hong, 2004). As recommended by Kim et al (1999), participants' total scores on this measure were used in statistical analyses. Cronbach's alphas in the current study were adequate for both EAs and AAs (␣ ϭ .86 and ␣ ϭ .80, respectively).…”

“…(AVS-R; Kim & Hong, 2004). The AVS-R is a 25-item self-report measure derived from the original 36-item AVS (Kim et al, 1999) using the Rasch model. The AVS-R assesses adherence to values of conformity to norms, family recognition through achievement, emotional self-control, collectivism, humility, and filial piety.…”

“…The only study to our knowledge that has examined the impact of a cultural variable other than ethnic group membership on abuse disclosure focused on acculturation, defined as number of years in the United States (Yoshioka et al, 2003). However, this and other operationalizations of acculturation have been criticized for not capturing values-based components central to acculturative processes (e.g., Kim, Atkinson, & Yang, 1999).…”

“…For survivors who strongly adhere to traditional AV of interdependence (e.g., maintenance of interpersonal harmony, preservation of the group's moral reputation and social integrity) (Kim et al, 1999;Sue & Sue, 2013;Zane & Mak, 2003), the impact of victimϪperpetrator closeness on disclosure may be particularly salient, especially if such values carry the expectation that others will not act in ways that jeopardize interpersonal harmony (Allard, 2009). Specifically, in the case of VC abuse, the risk of disrupting group harmony and losing important relationships if the abuse were revealed may decrease the likelihood of disclosure.…”

Acculturative stress, perfectionism, years in the United States, and depression among Chinese international students.

“…Specifically, when experiencing acculturative stress, they may feel overwhelmed and doubtful of their abilities. Because Asian cultures tend to value emotional self-control (Kim, Atkinson, & Yang, 1999;Kim, Li, & Ng, 2005), these students may believe that they should use their inner resources (e.g., willpower) to resolve their stress or emotional disturbance (e.g., rejection from their American peers). However, some acculturative stressors are related to external factors (e.g., discrimination) and may not always be easily handled by inner sources alone.…”