The Assessment of CD56 and CD117 Expressions at the Time of the Diagnosis in Multiple Myeloma Patientsple Myeloma Patients

Abstract

Objective:The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the CD56 and CD117 expressions and the clinical and laboratory findings in multiple myeloma (MM) patients.Materials and Methods:Analyses of multiparametric flow cytometry data obtained from the diagnostic bone marrow aspirations of a total of 34 newly diagnosed MM patients were assessed retrospectively. CD56 and CD117 expressions of the patients were compared with their stages and clinical parameters. The staging was performed according to the International Staging System (ISS).Results:Of the patients, 58.8% had ISS stage 1-2 MM while 41.2% had stage 3 MM. The number of CD56-positive patients was 29, whereas the number of CD117-positive patients was 13. There was no statistical difference between the CD56 and CD117 expressions and extramedullary involvement and lytic bone lesions. The median beta-2 microglobulin level was higher in the CD117-negative group (p=0.047). CD56 and CD117 expression levels were found to be lower in advanced-stage patients than in early-stage ones (p=0.026 and p=0.017). The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were high in advanced-stage patients, and an inverse relationship was found between LDH level and CD117 expression.Conclusion:Our findings that the CD56 and CD117 expression levels are lower in advanced stages than earlier stages and that LDH level and CD117 expression have an inverse relationship in patients with newly diagnosed MM suggest that CD56 and CD117 expressions may be prognostic markers for MM.

Association of CD117 and HLA‑DR expression with shorter overall survival and/or progression‑free survival in patients with multiple myeloma treated with bortezomib and thalidomide combination treatment without transplantation

“…A uniform protocol was also applied. Elevation in CD117 and CD56 levels reported by Pan et al ( 8 ) and Ceran et al ( 9 ) resulted from varying treatments, including chemotherapies and novel agents. The influence of different regimes and potential resulting bias was not accounted for.…”

“…Recently, Pan et al ( 8 ) suggested that CD56 and CD117 expression has a potential prognostic impact and it may be associated with increased OS. Ceran et al ( 9 ) reported that CD56 and CD117 expression levels are lower in advanced stages of MM. Qiu et al ( 24 ) reported that OS and PFS in CD56+ patients with MM are increased compared with CD56- patients treated with lenalidomide or bortezomib-based therapies.…”

“…Qiu et al ( 24 ) reported that OS and PFS in CD56+ patients with MM are increased compared with CD56- patients treated with lenalidomide or bortezomib-based therapies. It was suggested that CD56 and CD117 negative expression are unfavorable prognostic factors in patients with MM, based on data obtained from small cohorts (34–50 participants), non-combination therapy and uniformed protocols i.e., using novel agents and traditional chemotherapies ( 8 , 9 ).…”

“…According to the current study, no significant difference was observed in OS and PFS between CD56+/CD117+ and CD56-/CD117- patients and these markers did not appear to be associated with poor prognosis. Differences in the described outcomes may be attributed to the following: Previous reports ( 8 , 9 , 24 ) resulted from monotherapy, including iMiDs, proteasome inhibitors or traditional chemotherapy, or intermittent iMiDs administration and these results were based on combination therapy, including thalidomide which were given continuously in the presence or absence of chemotherapy; a majority of patients tolerated small doses of thalidomide and peripheral neuritis was accepted. A uniform protocol was also applied.…”

“…Pan et al ( 8 ) observed that for patients with MM, CD56+ was an independent prognostic factor for increased OS. Ceran et al ( 9 ) suggested that CD56- and CD117- groups were associated with advanced stages of MM. However, these results are based on small sample sizes (50 cases and 34 cases) ( 8 , 9 ) and short follow-up period (~6 years) ( 8 ) Importantly, bias originating from different treatments was not accounted for, particularly in patients that did not receive transplantations as a result of financial status or by personal choice.…”